| Methods |
Cohort study
Baseline survey: 1993
Follow‐up: 48 months (1997‐98)
Site: Massachusetts, USA
Research question: Does awareness of tobacco advertising/promotion predict smoking uptake
Analysis: Logistic regression controlling for covariates significantly associated with both receptivity and progression (as listed in notes). Reported odds ratios are adjusted. |
| Participants |
Baseline sample obtained by random digit dialling as part of the Massachusetts Tobacco Survey
1069 at baseline, 618 re‐interviewed, response rate 57.8%. 529 had smoked no more than one cigarette at baseline and were included in the analysis. Age 12 to 15
Survey method: telephone interviewing |
| Interventions |
Receptivity to marketing measured by 2 questions:
1 'Some tobacco companies make clothing, hats, bags or other thing with the brand on it. Do you have a piece of clothing or other thing that has a tobacco brand name or logo on it?'
2 'Of all the cigarette advertisements you have seen, which brand's ads do you think attract your attention the most?'
High receptivity: owned an item AND named a brand
Moderate receptivity: owned an item OR named a brand
Low receptivity: neither owned an item nor named a brand.
Also measured at baseline: age/ sex/ race/ SES/ smoking among family and friends, rebelliousness/ depression, current smoking status |
| Outcomes |
At baseline, not smoking defined as no more than one cigarette in lifetime. Three categories:
Nonsusceptible: Answered No to 'Do you think that you will try a cigarette soon?' and Definitely Not to 'If one of your best friends were to offer you a cigarette, would you smoke it?' and 'Do you think you will smoke a cigarette in the next year?'
Moderate risk: Yes to trying a cigarette soon, or less definitively negative answers to other 2 questions
Early experimenters ‐ had had a puff or a whole cigarette
At follow‐up established smokers were those who had smoked 100 or more cigarettes. |
| Notes |
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