Table 2.
Patient Characteristics for Both Study Arms
| Variablesa | Retrospective (n = 47) | Prospective (n = 10) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 60.2 ± 12.3 (median = 62) | 61.9 ± 13.9 (median = 64) | .522 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 34.8 ± 6.8 (median = 34) | 33.4 ± 6.9 (median = 31) | .469 |
| Race | .530 | ||
| Asian | 1 (2.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Black | 1 (2.1%) | 1 (10.0%) | |
| Hispanic | 4 (8.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| White | 41 (87.2%) | 9 (90.0%) | |
| LOS (days) | 1.5 ± 1.7 (median = 1) | 1.1 ± 1.1 (median = 1) | .348 |
| Smoking | |||
| Former | 27 (57.5%) | 5 (50.0%) | .223 |
| Never | 18 (38.3%) | 3 (30.0%) | |
| Current | 2 (4.2%) | 2 (20.0%) | |
| Medical comorbidities | |||
| HTN | 31 (66.0%) | 5 (50.0%) | .473 |
| HLD | 14 (29.8%) | 6 (60.0%) | .141 |
| OA | 9 (19.2%) | 5 (50.0%) | .099 |
| OSA | 6 (12.8%) | 1 (10.0%) | 1.000 |
| DM | 17 (36.2%) | 3 (30.0%) | 1.000 |
| GERD | 11 (23.4%) | 5 (50.0%) | .120 |
| Preoperative peripheral neuropathy | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (20.0%) | .028 |
| Spinal deformity or radiculopathy | 16 (34.0%) | 4 (40.0%) | .728 |
HTN, hypertension; HLD, hyperlipidemia; OA, osteoarthritis; OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; DM, diabetes mellitus; GERD, gastroesophageal disease.
a
Continuous measures are presented as mean ± SD (median); categorical variables are reported as n (percentage).