Table 1. Genetic variants underlying variation in migration.
(a) Results from analyses including all continental birds and (b) results from analyses limited to medium-distance migrants. Results from hapFLK include the size, the population where the signal was found and genes within the region. Estimates of ΔPBS and (PBS) in the same regions are shown; they are bolded if in the top 1% of the focal population’s distribution and new sizes are estimated using neighbouring windows above this threshold (if larger than the limits from hapFLK, additional genes are specified). Estimates of PBS were re-estimated using island populations (vs.continent resident populations). Regions in the top 1% of an island population’s distribution are indicated in section (a) (recorded as 'NA' if the initial population under selection was not resident). 'Scaf' refers to the scaffold within the blackcap genome where the region is found and 'chr' refers to the flycatcher chromosome that these scaffolds map to. For the number of strongly associated SNPs identified by CAVIAR and estimates of nSL, see Supplementary file 5.
| (a) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hapFLK | Δpbs | ||||||||
| Scaf | Chr | Size (bp) |
Log p-value | Population | Genes | Size (Mb) |
ΔPBS (PBS) |
Island replacement |
Genes |
| 12 | 4A | 14,059 | 9.4 | Resident | LOC100859173 | 52 | 18.7 (0.40) | Azores | EDA2R |
| 13 | 11 | 29,195 | 8.3 | Resident | CHST4, TERF2IP, KARS | 303 | 41.0 (0.87) | Cape Verde | DHX38, DHODH, IST1, C2H2, ATXN1, AP1G1, PHLPP2, TAT, GABARAPL2, TMEM231, CHST6 |
| 17 | 3 | 7610 | 9.5 | Short SW | 316.5 | 0 (0.02) | NA | NKAIN1 | |
| 22 | 9 | 53,890 | 8.8 | Med SE | CLSTN2 | 1,005.5 | 21.9 (0.19) | NA | DUF4637, PIK3CB, FOXL2, MRPS22, COPB2, RBP2, NMNAT3 |
| 30 | 2 | 13,756 | 11.5 | Resident | 42.5 | 8.14 (0.19) | Cape Verde | ||
| 30 | 2 | 7902 | 8.8 | Resident | 1,029.5 | 19.1 (0.42) | Canaries, Cape Verde | ||
| 41 | 8 | 10,341 | 8.3 | Resident | 11.5 | 15.0 (0.33) | |||
| 46 | 1A | 412 | 7.9 | Med SE | 9.5 | 9.0 (0.03) | NA | ||
| 99 | 3 | 13,140 | 7.8 | Resident | TTBK1 | 192 | 28.6 (0.61) | Azores, Canaries, Cape Verde | LOC101820716, ACSS1, NEIL1, SLC22A7, TTL |
| (b) | |||||||||
| hapFLK | Δpbs | ||||||||
| Scaf | Chr | Size (bp) | Log p-value | Population | Genes | Size (Mb) | ΔPBS (PBS) | ||
| 17 | 3 | 3258 | 9.04 | Med NW | SDC1 | 5 | 14.49 (0.20) | ||
| 30 | 2 | 311 | 8.85 | Med NW | 7 | 11.31 (0.16) | |||
| 46 | 1A | 461 | 8.71 | Med NW | 3 | 8.14 (0.15) | |||
| 63 | 1A | 1088 | 9.55 | Med SE | 1.14 (0.05) | ||||
| 67 | 6 | 995 | 9.46 | Med SW | 5 | 9.03 (0.18) | |||
| 73 | 5 | 3611 | 11.81 | Med NW | ATG2B, BDKRB2 | 3 | 30.41 (0.35) | ||