Table 1.
Characteristics of 71 coaches participating in the survey, overall and by depressive symptoms
| Characteristic | n (% of total) | Moderate or major depressive symptoms reported (CESD-R ≥16) | P value† | Adjusted P value‡ | |
| No; n=61 n (col %) |
Yes; n=10* n (col %) |
||||
| Age (years) | |||||
| 20–39 | 27 (38.0) | 23 (37.7) | 4 (40.0) | 0.999 | – |
| 40–49 | 24 (33.8) | 21 (34.4) | 3 (30.0) | ||
| 50+ | 20 (28.2) | 17 (27.9) | 3 (30.0) | ||
| Female§ | 15 (21.4) | 12 (19.7) | 3 (33.3) | 0.392 | – |
| Sport type | |||||
| Individual | 50 (70.4) | 42 (68.9) | 8 (80.0) | 0.712 | – |
| Team | 21 (29.6) | 19 (31.1) | 2 (20.0) | ||
| Played professionally/semiprofessionally | 44 (62.0) | 36 (59.0) | 8 (80.0) | 0.205 | – |
| Centralisation for sport | 27 (38.0) | 24 (39.3) | 3 (30.0) | 0.732 | – |
| In paid employment outside of coaching | |||||
| Yes, full time | 17 (23.9) | 14 (23.0) | 3 (30.0) | 0.680 | – |
| Yes, part time | 7 (9.9) | 6 (9.8) | 1 (10.0) | ||
| Very occasionally | 9 (12.7) | 7 (11.5) | 2 (20.0) | ||
| Not at all | 38 (53.5) | 34 (55.7) | 4 (40.0) | ||
| Considering retirement in next 12 months | |||||
| No | 48 (67.6) | 45 (73.8) | 3 (30.0) | 0.010 | 0.023 |
| Yes or undecided | 23 (32.4) | 16 (26.2) | 7 (70.0) | ||
| General Health | |||||
| Previous concussion from injury | 28 (39.4) | 24 (39.3) | 4 (40.0) | 1.000 | – |
| Injury ended playing career | 13 (18.3) | 11 (18.0) | 2 (20.0) | 1.000 | – |
| Ever diagnosed with depression | 7 (9.9) | 6 (9.8) | 1 (10.0) | 1.000 | – |
| Ever been prescribed antidepressants | 8 (11.3) | 7 (11.5) | 1 (10.0) | 1.000 | – |
| Family history of mood disorder or mental illness | 17 (23.9) | 12 (19.7) | 5 (50.0) | 0.037 | 0.115 |
| Concerns about alcohol intake | 9 (12.7) | 8 (13.1) | 1 (10.0) | 1.000 | – |
*n=7 with moderate (CESD-R ≥16) and n=3 with major (CESD-R ≥22) depressive symptoms.
†Unadjusted p values are from Fisher’s exact test (for cell counts <5) or χ2 test.
‡Adjusted p values are from a logistic regression including ‘considering retirement in 12 months’ and ‘family history of mood disorder or mental health’.
§n=1 gender diverse participant was not included when testing or adjusting for gender.
CESD-R, Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale-Revised.