Table 2.
Variables associated with overall survival according to the Cox proportional hazards regression model
| Character | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||
| HR (95 % CI) | P value | HR (95 % CI) | P value | |
| Age (years) | ||||
| <60 | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| ≥60 | 2.534 (1.689 to 3.803) | <0.001 | 1.860 (1.183 to 2.923) | 0.007 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Female | 0.620 (0.427 to 0.898) | 0.012 | 0.842 (0.552 to 1.283) | 0.423 |
| Race | 0.768 | |||
| White | Reference | – | ||
| Black | 0.863 (0.519 to 1.437) | 0.572 | ||
| Others | 1.109 (0.629 to 1.955) | 0.720 | ||
| Marital status | 0.947 | |||
| Married | Reference | – | ||
| Unmarried | 1.024 (0.620 to 1.693) | 0.925 | ||
| Others | 1.079 (0.684 to 1.704) | 0.742 | ||
| Tumour site | <0.001 | 0.010 | ||
| Cardia/fundus | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Greater curvature/lesser curvature/body | 0.470 (0.294 to 0.752) | 0.002 | 0.480 (0.277 to 0.831) | 0.009 |
| Pylorus/antrum | 0.743 (0.461 to 1.197) | 0.222 | 0.877 (0.513 to 1.499) | 0.632 |
| Others | 0.328 (0.180 to 0.599) | <0.001 | 0.353 (0.157 to 0.792) | 0.012 |
| Tumour size (cm) | ||||
| ≤5 | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| >5 | 3.607 (2.461 to 5.288) | <0.001 | 1.176 (0.748 to 1.849) | 0.483 |
| Differentiation | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Well/moderate | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Poor/undifferentiated | 5.526 (3.544 to 8.617) | <0.001 | 3.814 (2.132 to 6.824) | <0.001 |
| Unknown | 0.915 (0.441 to 1.898) | 0.811 | 1.148 (0.499 to 2.639) | 0.745 |
| T staging | <0.001 | 0.013 | ||
| T1 | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| T2 | 4.888 (1.765 to 13.532) | 0.002 | 1.106 (0.371 to 3.297) | 0.857 |
| T3 | 6.627 (2.319 to 18.941) | <0.001 | 1.300 (0.412 to 4.103) | 0.655 |
| T4 | 14.410 (5.085 to 40.834) | <0.001 | 2.568 (0.823 to 8.016) | 0.104 |
| M staging | ||||
| M0 | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| M1 | 2.922 (1.941 to 4.401) | <0.001 | 1.894 (1.190 to 3.012) | 0.007 |
| Surgery | ||||
| Performed | Reference | – | ||
| Not performed | 2.069 (0.841 to 5.087) | 0.113 | ||
| LNR | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| 0 | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| ≤0.132 | 2.898 (1.572 to 5.342) | 0.001 | 2.306 (1.163 to 4.572) | 0.017 |
| ＞0.132 | 4.605 (2.903 to 7.305) | <0.001 | 3.668 (2.177 to 6.179) | <0.001 |
| Chemotherapy | ||||
| Performed | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| No/unknown | 0.411 (0.280 to 0.602) | <0.001 | 1.855 (1.129 to 3.049) | 0.015 |
| Radiotherapy | ||||
| Performed | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Not performed | 0.467 (0.293 to 0.745) | 0.001 | 0.765 (0.439 to 1.331) | 0.342 |
LNR, lymph node ratio.