Table 1.
Characteristics of Study Participants by Regular Cigarette Use Among Youth (aged 12–17 years): PATH, 2013–2016
| Regular cigarette Usea |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-year progressionb (n=7,438) | 2-year progressionc (n=7,185) | |||||
| Characteristics | n | % (95% CI) | n | n, % (95% CI) | ||
| Current e-cigarette use | No (n=7,400) | Yes (n=38) | No (n=7,126) | Yes (n=59) | ||
| No | 7,217 | 99.7 (99.5, 99.8) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.5) | 7,129 | 99.2 (98.9, 99.4) | 0.8 (0.6, 1.1) |
| Yes | 221 | 94.7 (91.1, 96.9) | 5.3 (3.1, 8.9) | 56 | 91.8 (80.9, 96.7) | 8.2 (3.3, 19.1) |
| Age, years | ||||||
| 12–14 | 5,656 | 99.6 (99.4, 99.8) | 0.4 (0.2, 0.6) | 5,487 | 99.4 (99.1, 99.6) | 0.6 (0.4, 0.9) |
| 15–17 | 1,782 | 99.1 (98.5, 99.5) | 0.9 (0.5, 1.5) | 1,698 | 98.3 (97.4, 98.9) | 1.7 (1.1, 2.6) |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 3,584 | 99.5 (99.1, 99.7) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.9) | 3,447 | 99.2 (98.8, 99.4) | 0.8 (0.6, 1.2) |
| Male | 3,854 | 99.5 (99.2, 99.7) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.8) | 3,738 | 99.1 (98.7, 99.4) | 0.9 (0.6, 1.3) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| White | 3,512 | 99.3 (99.0, 99.6) | 0.7 (0.4, 1.0) | 3,384 | 98.9 (98.4, 99.2) | 1.1 (0.8, 1.6) |
| African American | 1,028 | 99.7 (99.0, 99.9) | 0.4 (0.1, 1.0) | 1,006 | 99.5 (98.8, 99.8) | 0.5 (0.2, 1.2) |
| Hispanic | 2,196 | 99.8 (99.4, 99.9) | 0.2 (0.0, 0.6) | 2,124 | 99.6 (99.2, 99.8) | 0.4 (0.2, 0.8) |
| Other | 702 | 99.5 (98.6, 99.8) | 0.5 (0.2, 1.4) | 671 | 98.9 (97.9, 99.5) | 1.1 (0.5, 2.2) |
| Parent’s educational level | ||||||
| High school or less | 2,853 | 99.3 (98.8, 99.6) | 0.7 (0.5, 1.1) | 2,736 | 98.7(98.1, 99.1) | 1.3 (0.9, 1.9) |
| Some college | 2,316 | 99.4 (98.9, 99.7) | 0.6 (0.3, 1.1) | 2,235 | 99.0 (98.5, 99.4) | 1.0 (0.6, 1.6) |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher | 2,229 | 99.8 (99.6, 99.9) | 0.2 (0.0, 0.4) | 2,175 | 99.7 (99.2, 99.9) | 0.3 (0.1, 0.8) |
| Other tobacco productsd | ||||||
| No | 7,203 | 99.7 (99.6, 99.8) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.5) | 7,115 | 99.2 (99.0, 99.4) | 0.8 (0.6, 1.0) |
| Yes | 235 | 93.6 (89.6, 96.1) | 6.4 (3.9, 10.4) | 69 | 89.3 (78.0, 95.2) | 10.7 (4.8, 22.0) |
| Ever alcohol use | ||||||
| No | 5,357 | 99.8 (99.6, 99.9) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) | 5,225 | 99.5 (99.2, 99.7) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.8) |
| Yes | 2,041 | 98.8 (98.3, 99.2) | 1.2 (0.8, 1.7) | 1,921 | 98.2 (97.4, 98.8) | 1.8 (1.3, 2.6) |
| Ever marijuana use | ||||||
| No | 6,967 | 99.7 (99.5, 99.8) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.5) | 6,785 | 99.4 (99.2, 99.6) | 0.6 (0.5, 0.9) |
| Yes | 221 | 98.7 (96.2, 99.5) | 1.3 (0.5, 3.8) | 182 | 98.6(95.5, 99.6) | 1.4 (0.4, 4.6) |
| Ever prescription drug abuse | ||||||
| No | 6,884 | 99.6 (99.4, 99.7) | 0.4 (0.3, 0.6) | 7,126 | 99.1 (98.9, 99.4) | 0.9 (0.7, 1.1) |
| Yes | 523 | 98.4 (96.9, 99.2) | 1.6 (0.8, 3.1) | 29 | 96.4 (74.1, 99.6) | 3.6 (0.4, 25.9) |
| Lives with tobacco user | ||||||
| No | 5,582 | 99.7 (99.5, 99.8) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.5) | 4,779 | 99.6 (99.3, 99.8) | 0.4 (0.2, 0.7) |
| Yes | 1,852 | 98.9 (98.3, 99.3) | 1.1 (0.7, 1.7) | 2,331 | 98.1 (97.3, 98.7) | 1.9 (1.3, 2.7) |
| Sensation seeking, mean (SD)e | 7,428 | 10.4 (2.8) | 7.5 (2.9) | 7,175 | 10.4 (2.8) | 8.4 (3.1) |
| Susceptibility to cigarette smoking | ||||||
| No | 3,924 | 99.9 (99.8, 100.0) | 0.1 (0.0, 0.2) | 4,740 | 99.8 (99.6, 99.9) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) |
| Yes | 3,065 | 99.6 (99.3, 99.8) | 0.4 (0.2, 0.7) | 2,088 | 98.9 (98.4, 99.3) | 1.1 (0.7, 1.6) |
| Noticed cigarette health warning labels | ||||||
| No | 2,866 | 99.7 (99.4, 99.9) | 0.3 (0.1, 0.6) | 3,762 | 99.3 (98.8, 99.6) | 0.7 (0.4, 1.2) |
| Yes | 4,550 | 99.4 (99.1, 99.6) | 0.6 (0.5, 0.9) | 3,212 | 99.0(98.5, 99.3) | 1.0 (0.7, 1.5) |
| Any risk takingf | ||||||
| No | 2,422 | 99.9 (99.6, 100.0) | 0.1 (0.0, 0.4) | 2,910 | 99.6 (99.3, 99.8) | 0.4 (0.2, 0.8) |
| Yes | 5,016 | 99.3 (99.0, 99.5) | 0.7 (0.5, 1.0) | 4,275 | 98.8 (98.4, 99.1) | 1.2 (0.9, 1.6) |
Notes: The samples of the 1-year and 2-year progressions are not mutually exclusive; n indicates the unweighted sample size, and numbers may not sum to the total because of missing data. Weighted percentages are row percentages. Boldface indicates statistical significance (p<0.05).
Regular cigarette use (i.e., the use of cigarettes on ≥20 days and compared with non-current cigarette use (i.e., those who had not used cigarettes in the past 30 days).
Variables are obtained from Wave 1 and/or Wave 2 and assessed the association with current cigarette use at Wave 2 and/or Wave 3 in the 1-year progression.
Wave 1 current e-cigarette use and covariates and Wave 3 current cigarette use in the 2-year progression.
Other tobacco products refers to the current use of the following tobacco products in the past 30 days: traditional cigar, cigarillos, filtered cigar, pipe, hookah, smokeless tobacco, snus, dissolvable tobacco, bidi, or kretek.
Higher sensation seeking scores reflect lower sensation seeking.
Any risk taking defined as at least an endorsement of any of the following: alcohol, marijuana, prescription drug abuse, sensationseeking, or susceptibility to cigarette smoking.
PATH, Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health.