Table 4.

Sensitivity Analysis of the Association Between Baseline Current E-cigarette Use (Never Cigarette Users) and Regular Cigarette Use Among Youth (Aged 12–17 Years): PATH 2013–2016

	Regular cigarette use at follow-up
	1-year progression		2-year progression
Characteristics	OR (95% CI) n=6,983	AOR (95% CI) n=6,923	OR (95% CI) n=6,828	AOR (95% CI) n=6,523
Current e-cigarette usea
No	ref	ref	ref	ref
Yes	15.5 (3.5, 68.6)	6.1 (1.1, 33.2)	4.8 (0.3, 73.5)	3.0 (0.3, 30.8)
Age, years
12–14	ref	ref	ref	ref
15–17	2.7 (0.8, 10.0)	2.5 (0.7, 8.9)	2.1 (1.0, 4.9)	1.8 (07, 4.5)
Sex
Female	ref	ref	ref	ref
Male	1.1 (0.3, 3.7)	1.0 (0.3, 3.3)	1.0 (0.3, 1.3)	0.7 (0.3, 1.4)
Race/ethnicityb
White	ref	ref	ref	ref
African American	—	—	0.4 (0.1, 1.6)	0.3 (0.1, 1.3)
Elispanic	—	—	0.4 (0.1, 1.4)	0.3 (0.1, 1.3)
Other	0.3 (0.1, 1.3)	0.3 (04, 1.5)	0.6 (04, 24)	0.7 (0.2, 2.6)
Parent’s education level
High school or less	ref	ref	ref	ref
Some college	0.7 (04, 3.8)	0.7 (04, 3.9)	0.4 (0.2, 1.2)	0.4 (0.1, 1.1)
Bachelor’s degree or higher	0.5 (04, 2.9)	0.5 (04, 3.6)	0.4 (0.1, 1.7)	0.4 (0.1, 1.6)
Other tobacco products
No	ref	ref	ref	ref
Yes	14.0 (2.6, 74.3)	3.9 (0.5, 29.0)	5.2 (0.3, 81.2)	2.4 (0.2, 24.2)
Lives with tobacco user
No	ref	ref	ref	ref
Yes	5.0 (1.4, 18.1)	3.1 (0.7, 14.3)	3.7 (1.4, 9.4)	2.8 (1.0, 7.6)
Noticed cigarette health warning labels
No	ref	ref	ref	ref
Yes	4.2 (0.6, 30.3)	2.4 (0.3, 21.1)	1.0 (0.4, 2.6)	0.7 (0.3, 1.8)
Any risk taking
No	ref	ref	ref	ref
Yes	3.2 (0.4, 22.6)	1.6 (0.2, 12.6)	2.7 (1.0, 7.7)	2.4 (0.8, 6.7)

Notes: Boldface indicates statistical significance (p<0.05).

^aCurrent e-cigarette users who were never cigarette smokers.

^bThe race/ethnicity variable is dichotomized as white versus non-white for the 1-year progression due to the small sample sizes in the other categories.

PATH, Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health.