Table 4:
Assessing the association between lifetime diagnosis of concussion and substance use when accounting for sensation-seeking (12th grade sample)
| Binge Drinking | Cigarette Use | Marijuana Use | Illicit Drug Use | Nonmedical Rx Drug Use | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 111 | Model 121 | Model 131 | Model 141 | Model 151 | |||||||||||
| Diagnosed Concussion (lifetime) | % | AOR | 95% CI | % | AOR | 95% CI | % | AOR | 95% CI | % | AOR | 95% CI | % | AOR | 95% CI |
| No Concussion (reference) | 14.6% | Reference | 8.5% | Reference | 20.6% | Reference | 2.2% | Reference | 3.6% | Reference | |||||
| One Diagnosed Concussion | 22.2% | 1.83* | (1.03, 1.86) | 10.0% | 1.05 | (0.68, 1.61)3 | 26.6% | 1.47** | (1.13, 1.92) | 4.3% | 1.60 | (0.89, 2.87) | 5.3% | 1.47 | (0.82, 2.64)3 |
| Multiple Diagnosed Concussions | 31.3% | 1.93*** | (1.31, 2.83) | 17.1% | 1.99** | (1.25, 3.17)3 | 35.0% | 1.79** | (1.25, 2.57) | 4.1% | 1.46 | (0.58, 3.71) | 11.8% | 3.07*** | (1.65, 5.71)3 |
| n = 3,000 | n = 3,125 | n = 3,079 | n = 3,156 | n = 3,147 | |||||||||||
| Model 162 | Model 172 | Model 182 | Model 192 | Model 202 | |||||||||||
| Diagnosed Concussion (lifetime) | AOR | 95% CI | AOR | 95% CI | AOR | 95% CI | AOR | 95% CI | AOR | 95% CI | |||||
| No Concussion (reference) | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||||||||
| One Diagnosed Concussion | 1.35 | (1.00, 1.82) | 1.04 | (0.66, 1.62)3 | 1.43** | (1.09, 1.88) | 1.66 | (0.91, 3.01) | 1.46 | (0.81, 2.60)3 | |||||
| Multiple Diagnosed Concussions | 1.73** | (1.14, 2.62) | 1.85** | (1.16, 2.95)3 | 1.62* | (1.12, 2.35) | 1.54 | (0.59, 4.03) | 2.92*** | (1.56, 5.45)3 | |||||
| Propensity Toward Sensation Seeking | |||||||||||||||
| Low Sensation Seeking (reference) | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||||||||
| Moderate Sensation Seeking | 1.67*** | (1.17, 2.39) | 1.05 | (0.70, 1.59) | 1.66*** | (1.23, 2.24) | 0.74 | (0.34, 1.59) | 1.77 | (0.98, 3.20) | |||||
| High Risk Sensation Seeking | 2.96*** | (2.08, 4.22) | 1.94*** | (1.30, 2.90) | 2.87*** | (2.13, 3.88) | 1.03 | (0.55, 1.95) | 2.18* | (1.18, 4.01) | |||||
| n = 2,980 | n = 3,105 | n = 3,059 | n = 3,136 | n = 3,127 | |||||||||||
p<.05,
p<.01,
p<.001; % = percent; AOR = Adjusted Odds Ratio. Sample sizes vary due to missing data. All analyses (Models 11 through 20) used custom weights provided by MTF to account for the probability of selection into the sample.
Models 11 through 15 assess the association between lifetime diagnosis of concussion and past two week/30-day substance use when controlling for sex, race, parental level of education, urbanicity (e.g., residence in an MSA), region, truancy, average grade, average nights out per week, and participation in competitive sports (see Table 1 for more details on these control variables). These models did not include the variables assessing propensity toward risk taking.
Models 16 through 20 assess the association between lifetime diagnosis of concussion and past two week/30-day substance use when controlling for sex, race, parental level of education, urbanicity (e.g., residence in an MSA), region, truancy, average grade, average nights out per week, participation in competitive sports (see Table 1 for more details on these control variables), and propensity toward risk taking.
Differences between one diagnosed concussion and multiple diagnosed concussions are significant at the .05 alpha level.
Differences between one diagnosed concussion and multiple diagnosed concussions are significant at the .01 alpha level.
Differences between one diagnosed concussion and multiple diagnosed concussions are significant at the .001 alpha level.