Table 2.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Study Participants at the Time of Enrolment
| Parameters | Total (N=3170) | Cohort | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active (n=2679) | Passive (n=491) | p value | ||
| Age (years) | ||||
| Median (25;75% IQR) | 3.5 (1.4–9.9) | 3.3 (1.4–8.1) | 3.7 (1.4–11.6) | 0.19 |
| Age class (years), n (%) | ||||
| 0–5 | 2017 (63.6) | 1727 (64.5) | 290 (59.1) | 0.007 |
| 6–13 | 575 (18.1) | 491 (18.3) | 84 (17.1) | |
| 14–17 | 127 (4.1) | 102 (3.8) | 25 (5.1) | |
| ≥18 | 451 (14.2) | 359 (13.4) | 92 (18.7) | |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.15 | |||
| Female | 1543 (48.7) | 1289 (48.1) | 254 (51.7) | |
| Male | 1627 (51.3) | 1390 (51.9) | 237 (48.3) | |
| Symptoms, n (%) | ||||
| Fever in previous 24 hours | 2634 (83.1) | 2554 (95.3) | 80 (16.3) | <0.001 |
| Temperature ≥37.5°C | 2208 (69.6) | 2107 (78.6) | 101 (20.6) | <0.001 |
| Headache | 627 (23.4) | – | ||
| Asthenia | 49 (1.8) | – | ||
| Muscle joint pain | 211 (7.9) | – | ||
| Anorexia | 134 (5.0) | – | ||
| Vomiting | 440 (16.4) | – | ||
| Nausea | 24 (0.9) | – | ||
| Dizziness | 43 (1.6) | – | ||
| ≥3 symptoms | 825 (30.8) | – | ||
| Quantity of concomitant medicationa | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–2) | 0.21 |
| Prior history of medicine use, n (%) | 796 (25.2) | 671 (25.0) | 125 (25.5) | 0.89 |
| Season, n (%) | 0.23 | |||
| Low | 1260 (45.7) | 960 (45.1) | 300 (47.9) | |
| High | 1495 (54.3) | 1169 (54.9) | 326 (52.1) | |
| Level of educationb | 0.79 | |||
| No formal education | 453 (60.2) | 386 (60.5) | 67 (58.3) | |
| Primary | 262 (34.8) | 219 (34.3) | 43 (37.4) | |
| Secondary | 38 (5.0) | 33 (5.2) | 5 (4.3) | |
Notes: aExcluding antimalarial drugs (artesunate–amodiaquine) taken at day 0. (See Table S2 in supplementary material for more details.) bThe denominator included only subjects above 7 years old.
Abbreviation: IQR, interquartile range.