Table 2.
Baseline imaging characteristics
| HFpEF n = 97 |
Controls n = 39 |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CMR LV parameters | |||
| LVEF (%) | 56 ± 5 | 58 ± 5 | 0.058 |
| LVEDVI (ml/m2) | 79 ± 18 | 83 ± 14 | 0.237 |
| LVESVI (ml/m2) | 35 ± 10 | 35 ± 8 | 0.950 |
| LV mass indexed (g/m2) | 52 ± 15 | 46 ± 10 | 0.003 |
| LV mass/LVEDV | 0.68 ± 0.16 | 0.57 ± 0.09 | < 0.0001 |
| LV tissue characterisation | |||
| Presence of MI (%) | 13 (13) | 0 (0) | 0.007 |
| MI size (% of LV mass) | 3.0 (0.9–4.9) | NA | – |
| Presence of non-MI focal fibrosis (%) | 38 (39) | 5 (13) | 0.007 |
| Non-MI fibrosis size (% of LV mass) | 2.8 (1.2–6.6) | 2.4 (0.6–3.6) | < 0.0001 |
| aNative myocardial T1 (ms) | 1230 ± 78 | 1191 ± 98 | 0.038 |
| aPost-contrast myocardial T1 (ms) | 457 ± 61 | 489 ± 93 | 0.007 |
| aECV (%) | 28 ± 5 | 26 ± 3 | 0.008 |
| aiECV (ml/m2) | 14 ± 4 | 11 ± 3 | 0.001 |
| CMR LA parameters | |||
| Overall—all subjects including atrial fibrillation | |||
| SAX LAV max (ml) | 120 ± 50 | 88 ± 21 | < 0.0001 |
| SAX LAV min (ml) | 84 ± 49 | 47 ± 14 | < 0.0001 |
| SAX LAEF (%) | 34 ± 13 | 47 ± 8 | < 0.0001 |
| Biplane LAV max (ml) | 102 ± 44 | 62 ± 22 | < 0.0001 |
| Biplane LAV min (ml) | 71 ± 44 | 31 ± 14 | < 0.0001 |
| Biplane LAEF (%) | 34 ± 16 | 51 ± 11 | < 0.0001 |
| Sinus | |||
| SAX LAV max (ml) | 103 ± 33 | 88 ± 21 | 0.004 |
| SAX LAV min (ml) | 64 ± 26 | 47 ± 14 | < 0.0001 |
| SAX LAEF (%) | 39 ± 10 | 47 ± 8 | < 0.0001 |
| Biplane LAV max (ml) | 88 ± 32 | 62 ± 22 | < 0.0001 |
| Biplane LAV min (ml) | 53 ± 25 | 31 ± 14 | < 0.0001 |
| Biplane LAEF (%) | 41 ± 12 | 51 ± 11 | < 0.0001 |
| Atrial fibrillation | |||
| SAX LAV max (ml) | 175 ± 56 | NA | – |
| SAX LAV min (ml) | 148 ± 51 | NA | – |
| SAX LAEF (%) | 16 ± 8 | NA | – |
| Biplane LAV max (ml) | 147 ± 45 | NA | – |
| Biplane LAV min (ml) | 129 ± 43 | NA | – |
| Biplane LAEF (%) | 14 ± 9 | NA | – |
ECV extracellular volume, iECV indexed to body surface area; extracellular volume, LA left atrium, LAEF left atrial ejection fraction, LAV max maximal left atrial volume, LAV min minimal left atrial volume, LV left ventricle, LVEDVI left ventricular end-diastolic volume indexed to body surface area, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, LVESVI left ventricular end-systolic volume indexed to body surface area, MI myocardial infarction
aAvailable in n = 72 HFpEF, n = 35 controls