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. 2020 Jan 17;36(5):799–810. doi: 10.1007/s10554-020-01769-w

Table 3.

Right ventricular parameters of participants in different baseline resting heart rate at sea level and at high altitude

Variables Lowest tertile P value Middle tertile P value Highest tertile P value
Low-altitude High-altitude Low-altitude High-altitude Low-altitude High-altitude
2D and Doppler echocardiography (n = 77/80/83)
 RV EDAi (cm2/m2) 13.6 (12.2, 15.0) 12.2 (11.1, 14.0)  < 0.001 14.1 (12.7, 15.3) 13.1 (11.2, 15.1) 0.007 12.8 (11.2, 14.9) 12.0 (10.9, 13.7) 0.016
 RV ESAi (cm2/m2) 7.7 (6.9, 8.3) 7.0 (6.6, 8.4) 0.036 7.4 (6.7, 8.6) 7.9 (6.4, 8.8) 0.988 7.2 (6.0, 8.1) 7.0 (5.8, 8.0) 0.602
 RV FAC (%) 44.0 (42.1, 48.2) 42.0 (38.6, 44.0)  < 0.001 45.9 (42.7, 48.8) 40.6 (37.5, 44.2)  < 0.001 45.5 (41.9, 47.8) 42.0 (39.1, 45.5)  < 0.001
 Tricuspid E (cm/s) 75.4 ± 11.1 62.4 ± 13.4  < 0.001 73.4 ± 12.0 61.5 ± 12.0  < 0.001 73.6 ± 15.2 61.8 ± 12.9  < 0.001
 Tricuspid A (cm/s) 34.3 (29.3, 41.3) 31.0 (24.9, 39.0) 0.100 35.5 (29.7, 39.5) 31.1 (27.7, 37.3) 0.018 38.5 (33.1, 48.3) 35.7 (31.4, 41.7) 0.006
 Tricuspid E/A ratio 2.18 (1.84, 2.53) 2.00 (1.52, 2.42) 0.038 2.07 (1.67, 2.52) 1.84 (1.54, 2.28) 0.016 1.86 (1.51, 2.21) 1.62 (1.40, 2.02) 0.032
Color tissue doppler imaging (n = 43/47/57)
 Tricuspid S′ (cm/s) 7.9 ± 1.2 7.7 ± 1.4 0.515 7.7 ± 1.7 7.7 ± 1.2 0.990 7.6 ± 1.6 7.3 ± 1.4 0.169
 Tricuspid E′ (cm/s) 7.1 (5.7, 8.4) 7.6 (5.8, 9.1) 0.284 7.1 (5.4, 8.7) 7.8 (6.5, 9.0) 0.105 7.3 (5.2, 8.4) 7.2 (5.6, 8.8) 0.646
 Tricuspid E/E′ ratio 10.6 (8.4, 12.8) 8.1 (6.3, 10.4) 0.009 10.4 (8.7, 14.2) 7.8 (6.7, 9.8)  < 0.001 10.1 (8.5, 12.9) 8.8 (7.4, 12.0) 0.034
 RV MPI 0.53 (0.40, 0.67) 0.63 (0.52, 0.81) 0.004 0.58 (0.47, 0.74) 0.64 (0.48, 0.75) 0.342 0.49 (0.33, 0.63) 0.63 (0.45, 0.75) 0.004
Pulmonary haemodynamics (n = 77/80/83)
 AT/ET 0.38 (0.34, 0.40) 0.31 (0.28, 0.35)  < 0.001 0.37 (0.34, 0.41) 0.31 (0.26, 0.35)  < 0.001 0.37 (0.35, 0.40) 0.32 (0.27, 0.35)  < 0.001
mPAP, mmHg 16.9 (12.4, 21.3) 24.3 (20.1, 29.9)  < 0.001 18.6 (15.6, 22.1) 23.1 (20.0, 33.5)  < 0.001 19.7 (16.9, 22.7) 24.2 (20.4, 33.8)  < 0.001
TR [n (%)] 38 (49.4) 61 (79.2)  < 0.001 48 (60.0) 68 (85.0)  < 0.001 49 (59.0) 63 (75.9) 0.020
TRV (m/s) 2.15 (2.05, 2.33) 2.54 (2.26, 2.83)  < 0.001 2.10 (1.92, 2.35) 2.45 (2.24, 2.73)  < 0.001 2.15 (1.87, 2.33) 2.43 (2.30, 2.73)  < 0.001
SPAP (mmHg) 28.5 (26.9, 31.8) 35.7 (30.4, 42.1)  < 0.001 27.7 (24.7, 32.1) 34.0 (30.1, 39.8)  < 0.001 28.4 (24.0, 31.6) 33.7 (31.1, 39.9)  < 0.001

Values are median (25th to 75th quartile) or mean ± SD

Abbreviations as in Table 1