Table 1.
Characteristics of study population according to tertiles of RMMa.
| RMM | P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tertile1 | Tertile II | Tertile III | ||
| Number of subjects | 78 | 75 | 81 | |
| Age, years | 11.3 (2.3) | 11.5 (2.8) | 12.5 (3.0) | 0.06 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 38 (48.7) | 33 (44.0) | 61 (75.3) | 0.001 |
| Prepubertal status, n (%) | 15 (19.2) | 16 (21.3) | 14 (17.2) | 0.26 |
| Weight, kg | 65.0 (21.0) | 59.3 (22.1) | 64.1 (21.1) | 0.21 |
| Height, cm | 149.7 (14.4) | 151.7 (17.4) | 158.9 (18.0) | 0.01 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.3 (4.5) | 24.7 (3.7) | 24.6 (3.3) | <0.0001 |
| BMI-SD score | 2.13 (0.40) | 1.70 (0.39) | 1.60 (0.39) | <0.0001 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 91.2 (13.2) | 84.8 (14.0) | 84.6 (12.0) | 0.002 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 111 (11) | 111 (9) | 112 (13) | 0.81 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 69 (9) | 68 (8) | 69 (9) | 0.82 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 170 (39) | 177 (50) | 163 (41) | 0.19 |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 46 (13) | 47 (12) | 49 (10) | 0.17 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 97(72-141) | 91 (65-128) | 76 (52–123) | 0.031 |
| TG/HDL-C ratio | 2.1 (1.3-3.6) | 1.9 (1.2-3.3) | 1.6 (0.9-2.8) | 0.029 |
| AST, U/L | 25 (20–34) | 25 (20–30) | 23 (19–29) | 0.22 |
| ALT, U/L | 25 (17–47) | 22 (15–35) | 20 (15–32) | 0.15 |
| Glucose, mg/dL | 4.8 (0.8) | 4.8 (0.45) | 4.8 (0.39) | 0.84 |
| Insulin, μU/mL | 18 (12–24) | 14 (9–19) | 13 (9–18) | 0.004 |
| HOMA-IR | 3.7 (2.5-4.8) | 2.8 (1.9-3.9) | 2.8 (2.0-4.0) | 0.015 |
| Total body fat mass, kg | 28.0 (10.0) | 22.8 (9.0) | 19.0 (5.9) | <0.0001 |
| Total lean body mass, kg | 31.4 (9.6) | 32.5 (12.7) | 39.6 (14.6) | <0.0001 |
| RMM, % | 53.0 (3.3) | 58.9 (1.5) | 66.9 (4.8) | <0.0001 |
| ASM, kg | 15.1 (4.36) | 15.5 (7.0) | 20.7 (7.94) | <0.0001 |
| ASM/weight index, % | 24.5 (1.73) | 26.2 (2.86) | 30.8 (7.42) | <0.0001 |
| ASM/ht2 | 6.7 (1.0) | 6.4 (1.6) | 7.6 (2.0) | 0.001 |
| NAFLD, n (%) | 43 (55.2) | 25 (33.3) | 27 (33.3) | 0.006 |
RMM, relative muscle mass; BMI, body mass index; BMI-SDS, BMI-SD score; BP, blood pressure; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; ASM, appendicular skeletal muscle mass.
a
Tertile I, RMM: < 56.72; tertile II, RMM: 56.72–61.99; tertile III, RMM: > 61.99.
Results are expressed as n (%), mean (SD) or median (interquartile range).