Table 2.
General and specific nutritional assessment tools and their applications.
| Assessment tool | Data elements | Application | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) | Weight Food Intake |
Useful in acute hospital setting Useful in residential aged care setting Reliable for nutritional risk assessment of patients with pulmonary TB |
(55, 56) |
| Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) | Weight Food intake BMI Acute disease Mobility Dementia Depression |
Valid nutritional screening tool for geriatric health care professionals | (50) |
| Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS) | Weight Food Intake BMI Disease Age |
Valid tool to assess malnutrition risk in hospitalized adult population | (48) |
| Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire (SNAQ) | Weight change Appetite Supplements/tube feeding |
Early detection and treatment of malnourished hospital patient | (49) |
| Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) | Food intake Appetite Satiety Taste change |
Used to evaluate the appetite loss and predict the weight loss in patients with liver cirrhosis. | (57) |
| Generated-Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) | Weight/Weight Loss Food Intake Symptoms Activities & Function Metabolic Demand Physical Examv |
Easy tool for nutrition assessment tool in hospitalized cancer patients. Allows for easy and fast identification and prioritization. | (54) |
| Nutrition Risk in the Critically Ill (NUTRIC) | Age APACHE II* SOFA Score¶ Number of Comorbidities Days in Hospital IL-6 |
Identify critically ill patients who may receive benefit from aggressive nutritional therapy Indicator of morbidity and mortality in postoperative surgical patients |
(51, 58) |
| Modified Nutrition Risk in the Critically Ill (mNUTRIC) | Age APACHE II SOFA Score Number of Comorbidities Days in Hospital |
Good nutritional risk assessment tool for critically ill septic patients. | (51) |
| American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) | History & clinical diagnosis Clinical & physical examination Anthropometric data Serum albumin Serum prealbumin C-reactive protein Total lymphocyte count Blood glucose Negative nitrogen balance increased resting energy expenditure Dietary data Functional outcomes |
Tool to understand malnutrition syndromes in adults and practical assessment for diagnosing malnutrition syndrome | (6, 47, 59–65) |
*
APACHE II, Acute Physiology, Age, Chronic Health Evaluation II, is based on 12 physiological data elements (AaDO2 or PaO2 (depending on FiO2), Temperature (rectal), Mean arterial pressure, pH arterial, Heart rate, Respiratory rate, Sodium (serum), Potassium (serum), Creatinine, Hematocrit, White blood cell count, Glasgow Coma Scale) (52). SOFA Score, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, is based on 4 physiological data elements (Respiratory: Pa/O2/FiO2, Nervous System: Glasgow coma scale, Cardiovascular: platelet levels, Kidney: Creatine levels) (53).