Table 1.
Description of bivalve species, sample sites, months, years and anthropogenic activities at each site, and histology and molecular analyses for Haplosporidia spp
| Site # (Fig. 1) | Site | Anthropogenic activity | Month | Year | n | PCR+ | Histology+ | Sequencing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wild C. edule | ||||||||
| 13 | Flaxfort | Rural/agriculture | March–June | 2010 to 2011 | 900 | 1.7% (1/60) | 0.11% (1/900) | 1/Isolate221 (A#KY522823.1) |
| 5 | Dungarvana | Aquaculture & agriculture | April–August | 2015 | 250 | 4% (10/250) | 50% (10/20) | 1/Isolate226 (A#KY522823.1) |
| 1 | Carlingforda | Aquaculture & shipping | April–August | 2015 | 454 | 10.8% (49/454) | 100% (20/20) | 1/Isolate228 (A#KY522823.1) |
| Total | 1604 | 7.9% (60/764) | 3.3% (31/940) | |||||
| Wild Mytilus spp. | ||||||||
| 1 | Carlingforda | Aquaculture & shipping | April–August | 2015 | 120 | 0/120 | 0/120 | |
| 2 | Annestown | Rural/agriculture | September | 2017 | 30 | 0/30 | 0/30 | |
| 3 | Stradbally | Rural/agriculture | June | 2017 | 30 | 0/30 | 0/30 | |
| 4 | Clonea | Rural/agriculture | September | 2017 | 60 | 1.7% (1/60) | 1.7% (1/60) | 1/Isolate376 (A#KC8828762) |
| 5 | Dungarvana | Aquaculture & agriculture | September | 2015 & 2017 | 276 | 0/276 | 0/276 | |
| 6 | Helvic Heada | Aquaculture & agriculture | June | 2017 | 30 | 0/30 | 0/30 | |
| 7 | Ballyquinna | Rural/agriculture | June | 2017 | 30 | 0/30 | 0/30 | |
| 8 | Whiting Bay | Rural/agriculture | July | 2017 | 30 | 0/30 | 0/30 | |
| 9 | Ballymacodaa | Aquaculture & agriculture | June & November | 2017 | 60 | 0/60 | 0/30 | |
| 10 | Roches point | Shipping | 2017 | 60 | 0/60 | 0/60 | ||
| 11 | Ringaskiddy | Urban & shipping | July & October | 2017 | 60 | 3.3% (2/60) | 3.3% (2/60) | |
| 12 | Garrettstown | Rural/agriculture | May | 2017 | 70 | 0/70 | 0/70 | |
| 13 | Flaxfort | Rural/agriculture | June | 2017 | 60 | 0/60 | 0/60 | |
| 14 | Lough Hynea | MNR/rural/agriculture | May | 2017 | 60 | 0/60 | 0/60 | |
| Total | 976 | 2.5% (3/120) | 2.5% (3/120) | |||||
| Cultured C. gigas | ||||||||
| 5 | Dungarvana | Aquaculture & agriculture | April–August | 2015 | 180 | 0/180 | 0/60 | |
| 1 | Carlingforda | Aquaculture & shipping | April–August | 2015 | 240 | 0/240 | 0/60 | |
| Total | 420 | |||||||
+ Positive detection.
A# denotes Genbank Accession Number exact match to.
Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) and Special Protected Areas (SPA) under the birds and habitats EU Directive.