Table 1.
Comparison of the SGLT2 inhibitors and placebo combined with insulin therapy for the treatment of T2D.
| References | Type of SGLT2 | Time (weeks) | Change in HbA1c (%) | Change in FBG (mg/dl) | Change in total daily insulin dose (U) | Change in body weight (kg) | Change in blood pressure (SBP/DBP mmHg) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wilding et al. (13) | Dapagliflozin | 12 | 10 mg | −0.70 (−1.1 to −0.3) | −15.4 (−38.4, 7.5) | −3.1 (−10.7, 4.6) [−5.57%] | −2.6 (−4.0 to −1.2) | −7.2 /−1.2 |
| 20 mg | −0.78 (−1.2 to −0.4) | −27.4 (−50.3 to −4.6) | −2.5 (−10.2 to 5.1) [−4.49%] | −2.4 (−3.8 to −1.0) | −6.1 /−3.9 | |||
| Wilding et al. (11, 12) | Dapagliflozin | 24 | 2.5 mg | −0.40 (−0.54 to −0.25) | No data | −7.60 (−10.32 to −4.87) [−9.58%] | −1.35 (−1.90 to −0.80) | −0.66 (−3.32 to 2.00) /−0.25 (−1.77 to 1.26) |
| 5 mg | −0.49 (−0.65 to −0.34) | −6.28 (−8.99 to −3.58) [−7.91%] | −1.42 (−1.97 to −0.88) | −2.37 (−5.01 to 0.26) /−1.18 (−2.68 to 0.32) |
||||
| 10 mg | −0.57 (−0.72 to −0.42) | −6.82 (−9.56 to −4.09) [−8.59%] | −2.04 (−2.59 to −1.48) | −3.11 (−5.79 to −0.43) /−0.84 (−2.36 to 0.69) |
||||
| 48 | 2.5 mg | −0.32 (−0.48 to −0.16) | −0.54 (−1.05 to −0.04) | −11.4 (−15.5 to −7.4) [−13.53%] | −1.78 (−2.53 to −1.03) | −3.81 (−6.65 to −0.97) /−1.65 (−3.30 to −0.00) |
||
| 5/10 mg | −0.49 (−0.65 to −0.33) | −0.68 (−1.18 to −0.17) | −10.2 (−14.3 to −6.2) [−12.11%] | −1.82 (−2.56 to −1.07) | −2.84 (−5.67 to −0.01) /−1.33 (−2.98 to 0.31) |
|||
| 10 mg | −0.53 (−0.70 to −0.37) | −0.92 (−1.43 to −0.41) | −11.2 (−15.3 to −7.2) [−13.30%] | −2.43 (−3.18 to −1.68) | −2.61 (−5.48 to 0.27) /−1.54 (−3.20 to 0.12) |
|||
| 104 | 2.5 mg | −0.21 (−0.41 to −0.01) | −0.14 (−0.73 to 0.45) | −14.3 (−20.5 to −8.0) [−15.49%] | −2.81 (−3.87 to −1.75) | No data | ||
| 5/10 mg | −0.39 (−0.59 to −0.18) | −0.89 (−1.48 to −0.31) | −16.8 (−23.1 to −10.5) [−18.20%] | −2.86 (−3.92 to −1.80) | −2.6/−2.9 | |||
| 10 mg | −0.35 (−0.55 to −0.15) | −0.31 (−0.89 to 0.28) | −19.2 (−25.5 to −12.9) [−20.80%] | −3.33 (−4.38 to −2.27) | −7.5/−4.0 | |||
| Rosenstock (10) | Empagliflozin | 18 | 10 mg | −0.44 (−0.59 to −0.29) | −1.17 (−1.62 to −0.71) | No data | −1.31 (−1.82 to −0.80) | −2.4 (−4.7 to −0.2) /−1.0 (−2.4 to 0.4) |
| 25 mg | −0.52 (−0.67 to −0.37) | −1.55 (−2.00 to −1.09) | −1.88 (−2.39 to −1.37) | −1.7 (−3.9 to 0.6) /−0.7 (−2.1 to 0.7) |
||||
| 52 | 10 mg | −0.38 (−0.59 to −0.16) | −0.69 (−1.23 to −0.15) | −8.8 (−14.8 to −2.8) [−8.70%] | −2.39 (−3.40 to −1.39) | −0.6 (−3.4 to 2.3) /−0.7 (−2.4 to 1.1) |
||
| 25 mg | −0.46 (−0.67 to −0.25) | −0.79 (−1.33 to −0.26) | −11.2 (−17.2 to −5.2) [−11.07%] | −2.48 (−3.48 to −1.47) | −0.9 (−3.7 to 1.9) /−1.9 (−3.7 to −0.1) |
|||
| Rosenstock and Ferrannini (14) | Empagliflozin | 18 | 10 mg | −0.6 (−0.8 to −0.4) | −1.6 (−2.1 to −1.1) | No data | −1.7 (−3.3 to −0.1) | −3.4 (−6.0 to −0.8) /−3.3 (−5.1 to −1.5) |
| 25 mg | −0.7 (−0.9 to −0.5) | −1.6 (−2.1 to −1.1) | −0.9 (−2.5 to 0.8) | −3.0 (−5.7 to −0.4) /−1.7 (−3.5 to 0.1) |
||||
| 78 | 10 mg | −0.5 (−0.7 to −0.2) | −0.7 (−1.2 to −0.2) | −6.7 (−10.9 to −2.4) [−12.74%] | −2.9 (−4.3 to −1.5) | −4.2 (−7.0 to −1.3) /−2.6 (−4.5 to −0.8) |
||
| 25 mg | −0.6 (−0.9 to −0.4) | −1.0 (−1.5 to −0.5) | −5.9 (−10.4 to −1.5) [−11.22%] | −2.8 (−4.2 to −1.3) | −2.4 (−5.4 to 0.5) /−1.3 (−3.1 to 0.6) |
|||
| Neal et al. (8) | Canagliflozin | 18 | 100 mg | −0.62 (−0.69 to −0.54) | −1.2 (−1.4 to −0.9) | No data | −1.9 (−2.2 to −1.6) | −2.3 (−3.7 to −1.0) /−1.0 (−1.8 to −0.2) |
| 300 mg | −0.73 (−0.81 to −0.65) | −1.6 (−1.8 to −1.3) | −2.4 (−2.7 to −2.1) | −4.1 (−5.5 to −2.8) /−1.7 (−2.5 to −0.9) |
||||
| 52 | 100 mg | −0.58 (−0.68 to −0.48) | −1.1 (−1.4 to −0.9) | −2 [−3.33%] | −2.8 (−3.3 to −2.4) | −3.1 (−4.6 to −1.7) /−1.2 (−2.0 to −0.3) |
||
| 300 mg | −0.73 (−0.83 to −0.63) | −1.5 (−1.7 to −1.2) | −4.3 [−7.17%] | −3.5 (−3.9 to −3.0) | −6.2 (−7.7 to −4.8) /−2.4 (−3.2 to −1.5) |
SGLT2, sodium–glucose co-transporter 2; T2D, type 2 diabetes; FBG, fasting blood glucose; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure.