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. 2020 Apr 15;11:493. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00493

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Isoproterenol (ISO) causes left atrial ischemia and fibrosis in rats. (A) Representative images of left atrium by 2, 3, 5-triphenylteyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Red-colored regions in the TTC stained sections indicate nonischemic areas; pale-colored regions indicate ischemic portions of the heart. Quantification of ischemic area/total area in the left atrium (n = 5 rats/group). (B) Representative images for myocardial fibrosis of the whole heart (Masson’s trichrome staining, which stains fibrosis blue and viable muscle red; scale bar: 100 µm). (C) Quantitation of left atrial fibrosis; ISO increased fibrosis-positive areas in the left atrium. (D) Western blot analysis of collagen I protein expression. ISO increased the protein levels of collagen I in the left atrium (n=5 rats/group). (E) Western blot analysis of collagen I protein amounts. ISO increased the protein levels of collagen III in the left atrium (n=5 rats/group). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 versus control (CTL) group; # P < 0.05 versus ISO group.