TABLE 1.

Anti-Neu5Gc antibody in Neu5Gc non-concordant xenosituation.

	Anti-Neu5Gc detection method	Delay post-graft	Anti-Neu5Gc pathogenic potential impact	References
Animal-to-Human
Pig fetal islet–like cell clusters	Glycan array	1 to 12 months	N/A	(101)
Pigskin	ELISA, glycan array	Up to 34 years	N/A	(92)
Equine, Rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin	ELISA, glycan array		Cytokine release syndrome and serum sickness	(57, 73–75, 113, 119)
Pig-to-Neu5Gc KO mouse
Neonate pig islet in the Cmah–/– mouse	Flow cytometry	7 days	N/A	(102)
Rodent-to-Neu5Gc KO mouse
Neu5Gc+ thymocytes in the Cmah–/– mouse	Flow cytometry	1 to 4 weeks	In vitro cytotoxicity	(68)