Table 1. Current antiviral drugs and novel antivirals in clinical trials.

Name	Trademark	Status	Mechanism of inhibition	Comments
Amantadine	Symmetrel	FDA approved (1966)	Steric inhibition of M2 ion conductance	Not recommended due to high prevalence of resistant variants
Rimantadine	Flumadine	FDA approved (1994)	Steric inhibition of M2 ion conductance	Not recommended due to high prevalence of resistant variants
Oseltamivir	Tamiflu	FDA approved (1999)	Binding to enzymatic active site of NA	Approved for patients ≥2 wk and older, orally
Zanamivir	Relenza	FDA approved (1999)	Binding to enzymatic active site of NA	Approved for patients ≥5 y and older, per inhalation
Peramivir	Rapivab, Rapiacta	FDA approved (2014)	Binding to enzymatic active site of NA	Approved for patients ≥18 y and older, intravenously
Laninamivir	Inavir	Approved (Japan, 2010)	Binding to enzymatic active site of NA	Approved for treatment (2010) and prevention (2013), per inhalation
AVI-7100		Phase I	Interference with expression of viral M gene segment
DAS181-F03		Phase I	Cleavage of sialic acids from host cell surface
Flufirvitide		Phase I	Peptide inhibitor binding thus blocking viral HA
Favipiravir		Phase III	Nucleoside inhibitor targeting PB1
Nitazoxanide		Phase III	Blockade of HA maturation

Abbreviations: FDA, Food and Drug Administration; HA, hemagglutinin; NA, neuraminidase.

Information used from: www.cdc.gov; www.fda.gov; www.clinicaltrials.gov (September 2015).