Figure 5.

The protective effects of roflupram in the (LUHMES cells + MPP⁺) model. (a) Measurement of TH expression by western blotting on Days 0, 4, and 6 of differentiation. (b) Densitometric quantification of TH/GAPDH in (a). (c) Differentiated cells (d6) were incubated with various concentrations of roflupram (ROF) for 48 hr; CCK‐8 assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of roflupram on cells. Differentiated cells (d6) were pretreated with roflupram (20 μM) for 1 hr and then treated with 5 μM of MPP⁺ for an additional 48 hr. After treatment, cell viability was measured by CCK‐8 assay (d); LDH activity in the medium was measured by a LDH Cytotoxicity Assay Kit (e), and ATP levels were measured with an ATP Assay Kit (f). Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 5) and represent five independent experiments. ^# P < .05, significantly different from control group. *P < .05, significantly different from MPP⁺‐treated group