Table 1.

Characteristics of the patients.

Characteristics	Control	AF	p value
Demographics
No.	45	45
Age (years)	61.02 ± 10.11	61.80 ± 11.68	0.74
Male, %	26 (57.8)	26 (57.8)	1.00
Smoking, %	7 (15.6)	8 (17.8)	0.78
Hypertension, %	25 (55.6)	19 (42.2)	0.21
Diabetes, %	6 (13.3)	8 (17.8)	0.63
Biochemical testing
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	2.40 ± 1.56	2.04 ± 1.42	0.27
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	4.43 ± 0.79	4.16 ± 0.88	0.14
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.41 ± 0.62	2.23 ± 0.66	0.17
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.15 ± 0.29	1.16 ± 0.32	0.85
Creatinine (μmol/L)	73.32 ± 19.92	72.81 ± 17.03	0.90
Uric acid (μmol/L)	397.00 ± 98.60	393.18 ± 102.72	0.86
Echocardiographic characteristics
Left atrial diameter (mm)	36.73 ± 5.20	40.20 ± 5.92	<0.01∗
Right atrial diameter (mm)	35.18 ± 3.55	35.78 ± 4.44	0.48
Left ventricular diameter (mm)	44.07 ± 5.65	44.13 ± 3.98	0.95
Right ventricular diameter (mm)	20.87 ± 3.08	20.76 ± 2.42	0.85
LV ejection fraction (%)	57.82 ± 7.12	57.27 ± 4.88	0.68

LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LV: left ventricular. Values are mean ± SD or n (%). ^∗p < 0.05 for significant differences.