Table 4.
Microstructural lateralization index differences in SZ compared with HC in subcortical GM ROIs
| Region | Mean μLI | SD | Mean μLI | SD | Mean difference from HC | t-test P-value | Mann–Whitney U P-value | Cohen’s d | Power |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SZ | HC | ||||||||
| Accumbens | 0.016 | +/−0.045 | 0.137 | +/−0.064 | −0.121 | <0.001** | <0.001** | 0.711 | 0.99 |
| Amygdala | −0.008 | +/−0.032 | 0.046 | +/−0.050 | −0.055 | <0.001** | <0.001** | 0.430 | 0.62 |
| Caudate | 0.036 | +/−0.029 | 0.083 | +/−0.026 | −0.047 | <0.001** | <0.001** | 0.556 | 0.93 |
| Hippocampus | −0.011 | +/−0.012 | .064 | +/−0.029 | −0.074 | <0.001** | <0.001** | 1.098 | 0.99 |
| Pallidum | −0.008 | +/−0.032 | −0.199 | +/−0.061 | 0.191 | <0.001** | <0.001** | 1.287 | 0.99 |
| Putamen | −0.001 | +/−0.032 | 0.053 | +/−0.065 | −0.055 | 0.003* | 0.019* | 0.352 | 0.35 |
| Thalamus proper | 0.010 | +/−0.026 | −0.103 | +/−0.031 | 0.113 | <0.001** | <0.001** | 1.282 | 0.99 |
| Ventral diencephalon | 0.005 | +/−0.018 | −0.108 | +/−0.024 | 0.114 | <0.001** | <0.001** | 1.718 | 0.99 |
Note: μLI of cortical GM ROIs in SZ versus HCs. The μLI measures the hemispheric lateralization of DKI-derived MK with positive μLI indicating leftward asymmetry and negative μLI rightward asymmetry.
Significant differences between groups (**P ≤ 0.001) and differences at trend level (*P < 0.05) are noted across regions along with the effect size (Cohen’s d) and power of the difference between groups.