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. 2020 Apr 21;8(4):2325967120910504. doi: 10.1177/2325967120910504

TABLE 2.

Assessment of Risk of Bias for Non-RCTsa

Non-RCTs Bias Due to Confounding Bias in Selection of Participants Bias in Measurement of Interventions Bias Due to Departures From Intended Interventions Bias Due to Missing Data Bias in Measurement of Outcomes Bias in Selection of the Reported Result Overall Bias
Guney13 (2016) Low Low Low Low Low Moderate Moderate Moderate
Mancò27 (2016) Low Moderate Low Low Low Moderate Low Moderate
Papalia39 (2016) Low Moderate Moderate Low Low Moderate Serious Serious

aRCT, randomized controlled trial.