Table 1.
Changes in body composition during Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor treatment in inflammatory rheumatic diseases.
| Author (Reference) | Patients (N) | Age, Years | Disease Duration | Inflammatory Joint Disease | Sex Ratio | Study Design | Study Duration | Tnfi | Body Composition Assessment | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marcora [27] | 26 | 52 | <6 months | RA | 18 F, 6 M | randomized phase 2 trial | 6 months | ETA or MTX | DEXA | No overall changes. Weight gain in 6/13 patients in ETA group: gain in lean mass |
| Metsios [28] | 20 | 61.1 | 17.3 years | RA | 10 F, 10 M | open label | 12 weeks | ND | bioelectrical impedance | ↑ truncal fat mass |
| Serelis [29] | 19 | 54 | 5 months | RA | 19 F | open label | 1 year | IFX or ADA | DEXA | No changes in fat or lean mass |
| Engvall [30] | 40 | 57.5 | 5 months | RA | 29 F, 11 M | randomized trial | 2 years | IFX or HCQ and SLZ | DEXA | ↑ fat mass [+ 3.4 kg) and fat mass index in the IFX group |
| Kopec- Medrek [31] | 16 | ND | 7.1 years | RA | 16 F | open label | 12 months | IFX | DEXA | ↑ weight, BMI and fat mass |
| Chen [32] | 20 | 53.8 | 6.6 years | RA | 18 F, 2 M | control group without ETA | 12 months | ETA | bioelectric impedance | ↑ weight and BMI in the ETA group. No changes in fat mass |
| Toussirot [34] | 20 | 48.6 | 9.6 years | 8 RA, 12 ax-SpA | 14 F, 6 M | open label | 2 years | IFX, ETA or ADA | DEXA | ↑ fat mass, ↑ % fat, ↑ fat android region, and visceral fat |
| Briot [35] | 19 | 21–71 (median: 40) | 16.5 years | SpA (10 ax-SpA, 4 PsA, 5 IBD) | 2F, 17 M | open- label | 12 months | IFX 3–5 mg/kg | DEXA | ↑ weight + 2.2 kg, ↑ lean mass + 1.4 kg; no change in fat mass |
| Briot [36] | 106 | 38 | 1.5 years | SpA (60 ax-SpA, 46 p-SpA) | 26 F, 80 M | open label | 2 years | IFX or ETA | DEXA | ↑ body weight (+3.5%), ↑ fat mass (+14.5%); ↑ lean mass + 2%) |
| Hmamouchi [37] | 65 | 39.3 | 13.1 | ax-SpA | 22 F, 63 M | open label | 2 years | IFX or ETA | DEXA | ↑ subcutaneous and visceral fat |
| Renzo [38] | 20 | 42.2 | 14.1 years | PsA | ND | open label | 6 months | IFX or ETA | DEXA | ↑ weight (+2.1%) and BMI. ↑ fat mass (+8.9% and lean mass (+2.9%) |
(M: male; F: female; BMI: body mass index; TNFi: TNF inhibitor; IFX: infliximab; ETA: etanercept; ADA: adalimumab; MTX: methotrexate; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine; SLZ: sulfasalazine; DEXA: dual X-ray absorptiometry; RA: rheumatoid arthritis; SpA: spondyloarthritis; ax-SpA: axial spondyloarthritis; pSpA: peripheral spondyloarthritis; PsA: psoriatic arthritis; IBD: inflammatory bowel disease).