Table 1.
Resistance profile of the tested clinical strains of uropathogenic Escherichia coli to various antibiotics.
| Antimicrobial Category | Antibiotic | Bacterial Target | Identification Number of the Resistant Strains | % of Resistant Strains |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Penicillins | Ampicillin | Cell wall synthesis | 1–7, 9–14, 17, 19, and 20 | 67 |
| Penicillins + β-lactamase inhibitors | Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid | 21 and 23 | 8 | |
| First-generation Cephalosporins | Cephalotin | 1, 2, 4, 6–10, 14–24 | 79 | |
| Second-generation Cephalosporins | Cefuroxime | 1, 6–8, 14, 17, 19, and 20 | 33 | |
| Third-generation Cephalosporins | Cefotaxime | None of them | 0 | |
| Cephamycins | Aztreonam | 1, 4–9, 12, 14–16, 18, 22, and 24 | 58 | |
| Cefoxitin | None of them | 0 | ||
| Quinolones | Ciprofloxacin | DNA gyrase | None of them | 0 |
| Nalidixic acid | 3, 4–9, 11, 13, 15–20, 22, and 24. | 71 | ||
| Norfloxacin | 4 | 4 | ||
| Macrolides | Azithromycin | 50S subunit of the ribosome | 4, 9, 17, 19, and 20 | 21 |
| Tetracyclines | Tetracycline | 30S subunit of the ribosome | 1–15, 18, 20, 21, 23, and 24. | 83 |
| Aminoglycosides | Gentamycin | 1–4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 13, 14, 17, and 19 | 50 | |
| Phosphoenolpyruvates | Fosfomycin | UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase | 1, 2, 4, 5, 8–12, 14, 15, 17–20, and 24 | 67 |
| Furantoins | Nitrofurantoin | Various bacterial enzymes and DNA | 2–13, 15–19, 21–24 | 88 |
| Diaminopyrimidine + Sulfamide | Trimethoprim + Sulfamethoxazole | Synthesis of folic acid | 1–5, 8, 11–15, 18, 20, 21, 23, and 24. | 67 |