Table 1.
Overall descriptive statistics of milk yield, somatic cell score, milk chemical composition, and metabolic, mineral, and oxidative plasmatic profile of goats in a complete lactation. It also reported the F-values and significance of the fixed effects included in the statistical model.
| Descriptive Statistics | Fixed Effect (F-Value) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trait | N | Mean | SD | Minimum | Maximum | CV, % | Breed Cluster (BC) | Stage of Lactation (SL) | Interaction BC×SL |
| Milk | |||||||||
| MY, kg/day | 778 | 1.17 | 0.52 | 0.10 | 2.85 | 44.5 | 74.76 *** | 157.81 *** | 7.14 *** |
| FCM, kg/day | 777 | 1.20 | 0.49 | 0.12 | 2.73 | 40.7 | 48.35 *** | 106.96 *** | 5.50 *** |
| Fat, % | 774 | 3.94 | 1.03 | 1.70 | 7.40 | 26.1 | 47.45 *** | 125.32 *** | 4.18 *** |
| Protein, % | 771 | 3.33 | 0.54 | 2.10 | 5.37 | 16.2 | 2.45 † | 116.09 *** | 2.34 * |
| Casein, % | 772 | 2.45 | 0.40 | 1.57 | 3.94 | 16.3 | 1.90 | 75.47 *** | 1.93 † |
| Lactose, % | 775 | 4.44 | 0.33 | 3.19 | 5.41 | 7.4 | 30.61 *** | 199.31 *** | 3.37 *** |
| SCS | 784 | 5.57 | 2.00 | -3.64 | 10.17 | 35.9 | 26.55 *** | 55.72 *** | 1.23 |
| Serum Electrolytes | |||||||||
| Cl, mEq/L | 776 | 111.89 | 3.14 | 97.50 | 123.30 | 2.8 | 4.43 *** | 7.40 *** | 4.18 *** |
| Na, mEq/L | 776 | 146.08 | 3.79 | 135.60 | 158.20 | 2.6 | 7.54 *** | 13.48 *** | 2.13 * |
| K, mEq/L | 781 | 4.23 | 0.43 | 3.01 | 6.43 | 10.2 | 42.96 *** | 0.49 | 1.78 |
| Mg, mg/dL | 784 | 3.23 | 0.31 | 2.40 | 4.00 | 9.6 | 3.11 ** | 49.59*** | 1.47 |
| iP, mg/dL | 784 | 5.94 | 1.38 | 3.90 | 10.20 | 23.2 | 10.83 *** | 7.48 *** | 0.95 |
| Ca, mg/dL | 784 | 10.04 | 1.03 | 7.00 | 13.00 | 10.3 | 25.80 *** | 82.33 *** | 7.54 *** |
| Chemical parameters | |||||||||
| NEFA, mmol/L | 781 | 0.51 | 0.20 | 0.11 | 1.04 | 39.2 | 79.01 *** | 424.94 *** | 29.45 *** |
| Cholesterol mg/dL | 782 | 90.93 | 9.31 | 75.60 | 134.60 | 10.2 | 4.57 ** | 10.84 *** | 1.15 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 783 | 34.18 | 7.71 | 15.40 | 56.20 | 22.6 | 7.31 *** | 60.28 *** | 4.45 *** |
| Glucose, mg/dL | 783 | 63.12 | 7.84 | 47.50 | 79.00 | 12.4 | 2.91 * | 6.76 *** | 4.78 *** |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 777 | 0.82 | 0.14 | 0.50 | 1.30 | 17.1 | 3.59 ** | 31.99 *** | 4.25 *** |
| Acid uric, mg/dL | 769 | 0.46 | 0.17 | 0.10 | 1.00 | 37.0 | 20.01 *** | 13.80 *** | 4.70 *** |
| BUN, mg/dL | 783 | 21.09 | 3.91 | 11.30 | 30.50 | 18.5 | 5.36 *** | 31.18 *** | 2.15 *** |
| Total bilirubin, mg/dL | 773 | 0.20 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 35.0 | 11.33 *** | 14.21 *** | 8.27 *** |
| Serum Proteins | |||||||||
| Total protein, g/dL | 780 | 7.12 | 0.28 | 6.30 | 7.80 | 3.9 | 1.91 | 2.51 * | 2.37 † |
| Albumin, g/dL | 779 | 2.89 | 0.20 | 2.40 | 3.50 | 6.9 | 1.62 | 25.02 *** | 1.37 |
| Globulin, g/dL | 784 | 4.26 | 0.47 | 30 | 5.00 | 11.0 | 1.31 | 7.29 *** | 2.52 * |
| Alb:Glob | 779 | 0.69 | 0.10 | 0.50 | 1.13 | 14.5 | 1.77 | 15.50 *** | 2.17 * |
| Serum Enzymes | |||||||||
| ALT, IU/L | 782 | 10.75 | 1.75 | 5.80 | 15.80 | 16.3 | 22.71 *** | 5.99 *** | 7.90 *** |
| AST, IU/L | 783 | 226.08 | 49.76 | 109.40 | 481.10 | 22.0 | 118.09 *** | 1.45 *** | 12.64 *** |
| ALP, Log10 IU/L | 764 | 2.17 | 0.23 | 1.91 | 3.27 | 10.551 | 11.74 *** | 0.76 | 1.16 |
| Oxidative status | |||||||||
| TBARS, nmol/mL | 779 | 0.88 | 0.29 | 0.12 | 1.79 | 33.0 | 0.93 | 186.27 *** | 2.06 † |
| HYDROP, µmol/mL | 782 | 6.31 | 1.10 | 3.10 | 9.61 | 17.4 | 3.07 * | 33.89 *** | 1.84 |
| PC, µmol/mL | 783 | 110.14 | 13.84 | 24.54 | 168.45 | 12.6 | 0.94 | 21.82 *** | 1.25 *** |
| FRAP, nmol/L | 770 | 62.36 | 15.07 | 27.33 | 113.77 | 24.2 | 9.39 *** | 26.26 *** | 8.26 *** |
| SOD, IU/mL | 751 | 107.92 | 17.39 | 50.61 | 183.45 | 16.1 | 0.17 | 65.55 *** | 1.93 † |
MY= milk yield; FCM, = fat corrected milk at 3.5%; SCS = somatic cell score; iP = inorganic phosphorus; BUN = blood urea nitrogen Alb:Glob = Albumin:Globulin; ALT = alanine aminotransferase; AST = aspartate aminotransferase; ALP = alkaline phosphatase; TBARS = thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; HYDROP = lipid hydroperoxides; PC = protein carbonyls; FRAP = ferric reducing ability of plasma; SOD = superoxide dismutase; CV = coefficient of variation. † p < 0.10; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.