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. 2020 Mar 2;7(8):1902536. doi: 10.1002/advs.201902536

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Enhanced formation of mitochondrial granules by intracellular [Ca2+]i elevation. A) Confocal microscopy images of intracellular calcium in osteoblasts treated with ionomycin for 8 min. Calcium was indicated by Fluo‐4. B) Flow cytometry analysis of intracellular [Ca2+]i in osteoblasts with or without (Control) 6 h of ionomycin treatment. AVG: average fluorescence value. C) Unstained TEM images of mitochondria (M) in osteoblasts with or without 6 h of ionomycin treatment. Yellow triangles: mitochondrial granules. D) ARS staining of BMSCs after 9 days of osteoinduction. E) Relative quantification of ARS staining in (D). **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. F) Unstained TEM images of the transportation process of electron‐dense granules from the ER to mitochondria (white triangles) in osteoblasts after 6 h of ionomycin treatment. Yellow triangles: mitochondrial granules. G) Unstained images of the mitochondria (delineated, M) after 6 h of ionomycin treatment in osteoblasts with or without TG stimulation. The osteoblasts originated from BMSCs after 3 days of osteoinduction.