Table 1.
Specific polyphenols quantified in the extracts obtained by HPLE.
| Description | Temperature (°C) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 90 °C | 120 °C | 150 °C | |||||||
| Glycerol (%) | Glycerol (%) | Glycerol (%) | |||||||
| 15% | 32.5% | 50% | 15% | 32.5% | 50% | 15% | 32.5% | 50% | |
| Acids (µg/gdp) | Mean CV | Mean CV | Mean CV | Mean CV | Mean CV | Mean CV | Mean CV | Mean CV | Mean CV |
| Gallic | 1.99a 0.06 | 4.53b 0.09 | 5.54b 0.08 | 7.42a 0.11 | 15.35b 0.09 | 19.69c 0.11 | 37.48a 0.11 | 67.86b 0.08 | 70.84c 0.10 |
| Chlorogenic | 0.88a 0.07 | 0.93a 0.08 | 0.45b 0.06 | 1.03 a 0.04 | 0.85a 0.05 | 0.17a 0.09 | 2.87a 0.12 | 3.04a 0.11 | 2.25a 0.07 |
| Vanillic | ND | 2.37 a 0.03 | 3.31a 0.07 | 2.91a 0.06 | 4.37a 0.08 | 7.40b 0.02 | 5.14a 0.04 | 12.75b 0.09 | 19.15c 0.05 |
| Caffeic | ND | 0.81a 0.10 | 0.93a 0.11 | 0.91a 0.10 | 1.14a 0.10 | 0.68a 0.12 | 1.28a 0.09 | 3.39b 0.09 | 5.32c 0.07 |
| Ferulic | ND | ND | 0.14 0.08 | 0.56a 0.03 | 0.86a 0.06 | 0.29a 0.09 | 0.65a 0.05 | 0.52a 0.11 | 0.97a 0.13 |
| Σ: | 2.87 a 0.08 | 8.64 b 0.08 | 10.37b 0.07 | 12.83a 0.08 | 22.57b 0.08 | 28.21c 0.08 | 48.42a 0.09 | 87.56b 0.10 | 98.53c 0.09 |
| Flavanols (µg/gdp) | |||||||||
| Catechin | 1.79a 0.06 | 3.63b 0.06 | 12.14c 0.09 | 9.25a 0.09 | 15.19b 0.11 | 25.20c 0.09 | 22.43a 0.05 | 29.06b 0.08 | 39.26c 0.11 |
| Epicatechin | 1.71a 0.09 | 3.21b 0.08 | 8.50c 0.07 | 10.35a 0.06 | 14.75b 0.08 | 16.50b 0.11 | 13.15 0.05 | 22.17 0.04 | 19.92 0.09 |
| Epigallocatechin | 4.44a 0.05 | 4.85a 0.04 | 11.75b 0.06 | 26.11a 0.10 | 34.96b 0.08 | 43.72c 0.12 | 45.34a 0.11 | 57.94b 0.12 | 83.85c 0.10 |
| Σ: | 7.94 a 0.07 | 11.70b 0.06 | 32. 39c 0.07 | 45.71a 0.09 | 64.90b 0.09 | 85.42c 0.11 | 80.92a 0.06 | 109.17b 0.08 | 143.03c 0.10 |
| Flavonols (µg/gdp) | |||||||||
| Quercetin | 12.28a 0.04 | 14.53b 0.06 | 13.46a,b 0.07 | 39.77a 0.10 | 47.26b 0.09 | 35.53c 0.11 | 184.35a 0.06 | 257.60b 0.12 | 166.95c 0.11 |
| Kaempherol | 1.93a 0.06 | 2.79a 0.06 | 1.41a 0.03 | 8.58a 0.09 | 11.36b 0.13 | 4.24c 0.06 | 14.58a 0.09 | 26.36b 0.13 | 11.24c 0.06 |
| Σ: | 14.21a 0.05 | 17.32b 0.06 | 14.87a 0.04 | 48.35a 0.09 | 58.62b 0.11 | 39.77c 0.08 | 198.93a 0.08 | 243.96b 0.13 | 177.89c 0.08 |
| Stilbenes (µg/gdp) | |||||||||
| Resveratrol | 1.17a 0.08 | 2.34a 0.06 | 2.43a 0.04 | 1.38a 0.06 | 2.18a,b 0.08 | 3.78b 0.09 | 2.80a 0.08 | 3.83a 0.09 | 5.45b 0.06 |
CV, coefficient of variation; ND, not detected; different letters (a, b, c) mean significant differences (p = 0.05) between concentrations of each polyphenol at the HPLE conditions studied.