| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Akbarpour 2010 | Bupropion ‐ short follow‐up |
| Aryanpur 2016 | Arms not matched ‐ different behavioural interventions in each |
| Banham 2010 | Not RCT ‐ review of smoking cessation treatment for people with severe mental illness |
| Becker 2003 | St John's wort ‐ short follow‐up (1 month) |
| Berlin 2005 | Befloxatone (reversible monoamine oxidase‐B inhibitor) ‐ data not published, treatment reported to have had no effect on abstinence rates |
| Bloch 2010 | Bupropion ‐ trial in people with schizophrenia, short follow‐up and cessation not reported |
| Bowen 1991 | Tryptophan ‐ short follow‐up Tryptophan 50 mg/kg/day, with high carbohydrate low protein diet (7/1 ratio), versus placebo and low carbohydrate high protein diet (1/1 ratio) for two weeks |
| Brauer 2000 | Selegiline ‐ only preliminary short‐term results available. Six month follow‐up planned |
| Breitling 2008 | Trial of practitioner education and financial incentives, or cessation drug costs reimbursement |
| Brody 2013 | Ineligible outcomes ‐ less than six months follow‐up and no safety data reported |
| Carrão 2007 | Sertraline ‐ combined with buspirone so effect of sertraline could not be isolated |
| Chan 2005 | Bupropion ‐ case control study in pregnant women |
| Chandrashekar 2015 | Short‐term follow‐up and no safety assessment |
| Christenhusz 2012 | Not randomized to treatments, only treatment strategies |
| Cornelius 1997 | Fluoxetine ‐ cessation not an outcome. Fluoxetine reduced the amount smoked by depressed alcoholic smokers |
| Cornelius 1999 | Fluoxetine ‐ short‐term outcome in a study of depressed alcoholic participants not attempting to quit |
| Covey 2007 | Previously included. Relapse prevention study. See Livingstone‐Banks 2019 |
| Croghan 2007 | Previously included. Relapse prevention study. See Livingstone‐Banks 2019 |
| Cropsey 2015 | Randomization to treatment strategy, not actual treatment |
| Dalack 1995 | Fluoxetine ‐ refers to, but does not report on a cessation study |
| Dale 2002 | Bupropion ‐ used for smokeless tobacco cessation, not smoking cessation |
| Dale 2007 | Bupropion ‐ for smokeless tobacco cessation, see Ebbert 2011 |
| Daniela 2008 | Sertraline and buspirone ‐ effect of antidepressant confounded with that of anxiolytic |
| Edwards 1989 | Doxepin ‐ short follow‐up (2 months) |
| EUCTR2005‐006189‐32‐AT | Arms not matched |
| Evins 2008 | Bupropion ‐ long‐term results not presented due to high loss to follow‐up |
| Fatemi 2005 | Bupropion ‐ short‐term cross‐over trial |
| Frederick 1997 | Venlafaxine ‐ short follow‐up (8 weeks) |
| Gawin 1989 | Buspirone ‐ open trial |
| Gifford 2011 | Bupropion ‐ test of behavioural therapy, all participants received bupropion |
| Glover 2002 | Bupropion ‐ used for smokeless tobacco cessation, not smoking cessation |
| Gold 2002 | Bupropion ‐ non‐random assignment, participant preference |
| Grandi 2011 | Bupropion ‐ not RCT, review of bupropion use in patients with CVD |
| Grassi 2009 | Not a RCT, pre‐post study of influence of smoking ban on people's selection of smoking cessation treatment |
| Hall 2009 | Bupropion ‐ all participants received bupropion for quitting, test of extended CBT or NRT |
| Hall 2011 | Previously included. Relapse prevention study. See Livingstone‐Banks 2019 |
| Hatsukami 2004 | Previously included. Harm reduction study. See Lindson‐Hawley 2016 |
| Hawk 2008 | Bupropion ‐ short follow‐up (12 weeks). Compares 1 week to 4 week pre‐quit use |
| Hawk 2015 | Interventions not matched ‐ same intervention post‐quit date |
| Hays 2001 | Previously included. Relapse prevention study. See Livingstone‐Banks 2019 |
| Hays 2009 | Previously included. Relapse prevention study. See Livingstone‐Banks 2019 |
| Hilberink 2005 | Bupropion ‐ test of NRT + counselling, one cluster received bupropion but is not a test of bupropion |
| Hitsman 1999 | Fluoxetine ‐ the majority of participants in this study were also part of the multicentre trial reported in Niaura 2002 |
| Houtsmuller 2002 | Selegiline ‐ short‐term laboratory study |
| Hurt 2003 | Previously included. Relapse prevention study. See Livingstone‐Banks 2019 |
| Hussain 2010 | Bupropion ‐ short follow‐up, trial in unmotivated smokers |
| Isgro 2015 | Topiramate not an antidepressant |
| Jacobs 1971 | Imipramine ‐ short follow‐up. Outcome was reduction in smoking to less than 10% of baseline |
| Kalman 2004 | Bupropion ‐ short follow‐up (12 weeks) |
| Khunrong 2016 | Ineligible outcomes |
| Killen 2006 | Previously included. Relapse prevention study. See Livingstone‐Banks 2019 |
| Kotz 2009 | Nortriptyline ‐ pharmacotherapy was confounded with additional counselling from nurse (control group 1), compared to usual care |
| Kras 2010 | St John's wort ‐ short follow‐up |
| Lawvere 2006 | St John's wort ‐ uncontrolled study |
| Li 2009 | Bupropion ‐ short follow‐up |
| Miller 2003 | Bupropion ‐ short follow‐up (8 weeks) |
| Monuteaux 2007 | Bupropion ‐ participants were adolescent non‐smokers, not for cessation |
| Mooney 2008 | Bupropion ‐ short follow‐up, bupropion for opioid and tobacco dependence |
| Mooney 2016 | Bupropion same in both arms |
| Naranjo 1990 | Fluoxetine ‐ study of short‐term smoking behaviour |
| NCT00032084 | Trial terminated before completion |
| NCT00119210 | Trial terminated before completion |
| NCT00136747 | Smoking cessation not measured |
| NCT00136786 | Smoking cessation not measured |
| NCT00158171 | Cessation not measured ‐ harm reduction study |
| NCT00248118 | Bupropion ‐ trial was terminated prior to completion |
| NCT00320697 | Pharmacotherpaies not matched |
| NCT00390923 | Selegiline ‐ study terminated early due to lack of efficacy, results available at 9 weeks only |
| NCT00484692 | Bupropion ‐ used as an active control to a psychosocial intervention, cannot estimate pharmacotherapy effect |
| NCT00580853 | Does not measure smoking cessation ‐ ability to resist smoking |
| NCT00670904 | No randomization ‐ participants chose their medication |
| NCT00936299 | Bupropion ‐ no abstinence outcome reported and follow‐up only 16 weeks |
| NCT01850589 | Behavioural intervention and pharmacotherapy is different between arms |
| NCT01965405 | All participants in all arms receive the same bupropion treatment |
| NCT02736474 | Both naltrexone and bupropion given together in same arm |
| NCT03471767 | Bupropion given in both arms |
| NCT03920319 | Wrong outcomes |
| Neumann 2000 | Bupropion ‐ smokers randomized to 1 or 2 months of medication (300 mg/day). 91/165 randomized were not included in the analysis, including some 1‐month group participants who requested further medication. |
| Neumann 2002 | Bupropion ‐ short‐term follow‐up. Comparison of 300 mg and 150 mg doses |
| Niederhofer 2004 | Participants are required to be abstinent for at least five days prior to enrolment to trial |
| Olmstead 1999 | Bupropion ‐ all participants received bupropion. Short‐term follow‐up |
| Paluck 2006 | Bupropion ‐ uncontrolled prospective observational study |
| Pomerleau 1991 | Fluoxetine ‐ no cessation data reported |
| Raynor 2005 | Bupropion ‐ short (90 day) follow‐up. Substudy within a larger trial with long‐term follow‐up, not yet published |
| Robinson 1991 | Buspirone ‐ case series |
| Rovina 2003 | Bupropion ‐ abstract only, trial report not available. Insufficient information to determine inclusion |
| Schepis 2006 | Bupropion ‐ abstract only, trial report not available. Insufficient information to determine inclusion |
| Sellers 1987 | Zimelidine or citalopram (SSRIs) ‐ placebo‐controlled cross‐over design study of smoking behaviour and alcohol use in non‐depressed heavy drinkers |
| Sherman 2008 | Bupropion ‐ trial of NRT as adjunct to bupropion |
| Shiffman 2000 | Bupropion ‐ placebo‐controlled short‐term study of effects on craving and withdrawal in participants not wanting to quit smoking permanently |
| Shoptaw 2008 | Bupropion ‐ tested for methamphetamine dependence. Reduction in smoking was a secondary outcome. Only 48/73 participants smoked, quitting not reported. |
| Sittipunt 2007 | Nortriptyline ‐ only 3‐month follow‐up |
| Sonntag 2003 | Bupropion ‐ abstract only, trial report not available. Insufficient information to determine inclusion |
| Spring 1995 | Fluoxetine ‐ 6‐month cessation not reported. Primarily a study of post‐cessation weight gain |
| Stein 1993 | Fluoxetine ‐ does not report outcomes from a double‐blind study |
| Steinberg 2009 | Bupropion ‐ confounded with nicotine inhaler and treatment duration in comparison with nicotine patch alone |
| Strayer 2004 | Bupropion ‐ all participants prescribed bupropion. Test of behavioural interventions, not bupropion. Adverse event data from author used |
| Swanson 2003 | Bupropion +/‐ nicotine patch. Unable to confirm correct denominators |
| Tidey 2009 | Bupropion ‐ laboratory study, outcomes included urge to smoke, not cessation |
| Toll 2007 | Bupropion ‐ all participants had same pharmacotherapy |
| Weinberger 2008 | Bupropion for people with bipolar disorder. Short follow‐up (8 weeks). Only 5 participants |
| Weiner 2001 | Bupropion ‐ no control group |
| Winhusen 2012 | Bupropion confounded by other agents |
| Zernig 2008 | Bupropion ‐ used as an active control to a psychosocial intervention, cannot estimate pharmacotherapy effect |
| ZYB30011 | Bupropion ‐ follow‐up only to end of treatment (7 weeks) |
CBT: cognitive behavioural therapy; NRT: nicotine replacement therapy; CVD: cardiovascular disease; RCT: randomized controlled trial; SSRI: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor