Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of population
| Controls | Stage IIIB | Stage IV | Stage V | Stage V-HD | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 14 | n = 14 | n = 15 | n = 15 | n = 11 | p | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Clinical data | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Age, years, median [IQ] | 56.0 | [ | 47.5 | – | 64.0 | ] | 60.0 | [ | 52.3 | – | 69.0 | ] | 64.0 | [ | 58.5 | – | 67.5 | ] | 53.0 | [ | 49.5 | – | 68.5 | ] | 58.0 | [ | 34.0 | – | 74.0 | ] | 0.7 |
| % Males | 57.1 | 78.6 | 73.3 | 80.0 | 36.4 | 0.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BMIa, kg/m2, median [IQ] | 23.0 | [ | 22.0 | – | 25.9 | ] | 27.4 | [ | 26.5 | – | 28.5 | ] | 24.6 | [ | 23.2 | – | 26.5 | ] | 25.4 | [ | 23.4 | – | 28.7 | ] | 21.9 | [ | 20.8 | – | 24.6 | ] | 0.02 |
| SBPb, mmHg, median [IQ] | 125.0 | [ | 117.8 | – | 131.5 | ] | 129.0 | [ | 123.3 | – | 143.0 | ] | 143.0 | [ | 137.0 | – | 152.5 | ] | 140.0 | [ | 129.0 | – | 156.0 | ] | 118.0 | [ | 107.0 | – | 142.5 | ] | 0.04 |
| DBPc, mmHg, median [IQ] | 84.5 | [ | 77.0 | – | 91.3 | ] | 85.5 | [ | 78.8 | – | 88.5 | ] | 84.0 | [ | 78.5 | – | 92.0 | ] | 86.0 | [ | 76.0 | – | 90.0 | ] | 70.0 | [ | 67.5 | – | 79.0 | ] | 0.1 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Smoker | 2.0 | ( | 14.3 | % | ) | 2.0 | ( | 14.3 | % | ) | 6.0 | ( | 40.0 | % | ) | 4.0 | ( | 26.7 | % | ) | 5.0 | ( | 45.5 | % | ) | 0.3 | |||||
| Previous cardiovascular comorbidities | 0.0 | ( | 0.0 | % | ) | 4.0 | ( | 28.6 | % | ) | 4.0 | ( | 26.7 | % | ) | 5.0 | ( | 33.3 | % | ) | 5.0 | ( | 45.5 | % | ) | 0.1 | |||||
| Charlson comorbidity index [IQ] | 1.0 | [ | 0.0 | – | 2.0 | ] | 1.5 | [ | 1.0 | – | 3.0 | ] | 2.0 | [ | 1.0 | – | 4.0 | ] | 4.0 | [ | 3.0 | – | 5.0 | ] | 4.0 | [ | 2.0 | – | 5.0 | ] | < 0.0001 |
| Etiologies, n(%) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Glomerular disease | – | 3.0 | ( | 21.4 | % | ) | 4.0 | ( | 26.7 | % | ) | 6.0 | ( | 40.0 | % | ) | 5.0 | ( | 45.5 | % | ) | 0.5 | |||||||||
| Renovascular | – | 6.0 | ( | 42.9 | % | ) | 7.0 | ( | 46.7 | % | ) | 4.0 | ( | 26.7 | % | ) | 2.0 | ( | 18.2 | % | ) | 0.4 | |||||||||
| ADPKDd | – | 3.0 | ( | 21.4 | % | ) | 3.0 | ( | 20.0 | % | ) | 4.0 | ( | 26.7 | % | ) | 0.0 | ( | 0.0 | % | ) | 0.3 | |||||||||
| Urological | – | 1.0 | ( | 7.1 | % | ) | 0.0 | ( | 0.0 | % | ) | 0.0 | ( | 0.0 | % | ) | 2.0 | ( | 18.2 | % | ) | 0.2 | |||||||||
| Other | – | 1.0 | ( | 7.1 | % | ) | 1.0 | ( | 6.7 | % | ) | 1.0 | ( | 6.7 | % | ) | 2.0 | ( | 18.2 | % | ) | 0.7 | |||||||||
| Biological Data | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Creatinine, μmol/l, median [IQ] | 78.0 | [ | 68.8 | – | 84.8 | ] | 168.5 | [ | 148.8 | – | 176.5 | ] | 251.0 | [ | 225.5 | – | 303.5 | ] | 437.0 | [ | 365.5 | – | 518.0 | ] | 657.0 | [ | 645.0 | – | 890.5 | ] | < 0.0001 |
| GFR, ml/min/1,73m2 (CKD EPI), median [IQ] | 90.5 | [ | 81.3 | – | 94.3 | ] | 36.0 | [ | 33.3 | – | 39.8 | ] | 20.0 | [ | 17.0 | – | 22.5 | ] | 11.0 | [ | 9.5 | – | 12.0 | ] | – | < 0.0001 | |||||
| ACRe, mg/mmol, median [IQ] | 0.8 | [ | 0.5 | – | 1.6 | ] | 2.6 | [ | 2.3 | 15.9 | ] | 70.0 | [ | 16.7 | – | 157.9 | ] | 157.6 | [ | 49.8 | – | 216.5 | ] | – | < 0.0001 | ||||||
| Urea, mmol/l, median [IQ] | 5.4 | [ | 4.9 | – | 6.1 | ] | 9.6 | [ | 8.8 | – | 11.7 | ] | 16.8 | [ | 13.3 | – | 19.6 | ] | 27.6 | [ | 23.15 | – | 30.5 | ] | 19.3 | [ | 14.5 | – | 23.0 | ] | < 0.0001 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dl, median [IQ] | 14.4 | [ | 13.4 | – | 15.6 | ] | 13.8 | [ | 12.6 | – | 15.0 | ] | 12.6 | [ | 11.5 | – | 13.6 | ] | 11.3 | [ | 10.7 | – | 12.4 | ] | 11.5 | [ | 11.1 | – | 12.5 | ] | < 0.0001 |
| PTH, pg/ml, median [IQ] | 48.0 | [ | 44.0 | – | 55.0 | ] | 63.0 | [ | 45.3 | – | 86.3 | ] | 198.0 | [ | 94.5 | – | 288.5 | ] | 217.0 | [ | 98.0 | – | 535.0 | ] | 218.0 | [ | 138.0 | – | 387.0 | ] | < 0.0001 |
| D Vitamine, nmol/l, median [IQ] | 64.0 | [ | 54.0 | – | 93.0 | ] | 84.0 | [ | 68.5 | – | 106.3 | ] | 69.0 | [ | 44.0 | – | 81.0 | ] | 65.0 | [ | 50.0 | – | 105.0 | ] | 107.5 | [ | 70.8 | – | 123.3 | ] | 0.2 |
| Albumin, g/l, median [IQ] | 49.0 | [ | 46.9 | – | 50.6 | ] | 45.9 | [ | 44.3 | – | 47.2 | ] | 44.5 | [ | 43.8 | – | 47.4 | ] | 46.8 | [ | 43.4 | – | 47.5 | ] | 42.8 | [ | 42.3 | – | 45.1 | ] | 0.001 |
| Dialytic parameters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| KT/V, median [IQ] | – | – | – | – | 2.1 | [ | 1.8 | – | 2.3 | ] | – | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residual clearance, ml/min, median [IQ] | – | – | – | – | 0.0 | [ | 0.0 | – | 1.1 | ] | – | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Dialysis vintage, months, median [IQ] | – | – | – | – | 51.0 | [ | 43.5 | – | 122.0 | ] | – | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Perdialytic hypotension, n(%) | – | – | – | – | 1.0 | ( | 9.1 | % | ) | – | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Ultrafiltration, ml, median [IQ] | – | – | – | – | 1700.0 | [ | 1050.0 | – | 2500.0 | ] | – | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Weekly duration. h. median [IQ] | – | – | – | – | 12.0 | [ | 12.0 | – | 12.0 | ] | – | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Epuration mode, n(%) | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HD | – | – | – | – | 2.0 | ( | 18.2 | % | ) | – | |||||||||||||||||||||
| HDF | – | – | – | – | 9.0 | ( | 81.8 | % | ) | – | |||||||||||||||||||||
aBMI body mass index, bSPB systolic blood pressure, DBPc diastolic blood pressure, ADPKDd: Adult dominant polycystic kidney disease, ACRe urinary albumin / creatinine ratio