Table 1.

Loss of significance in enriched pathways

PW
Up-regulated		Down-regulated
Pathway	Delta	Pathway	Delta
myelination	−8.85	regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis	−9.63
ensheathment of neurons	−8.67	intrinsic component of synaptic membrane	−9.60
axon ensheathment	−8.67	regulation of synaptic vesicle cycle	−9.58
detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste	−7.95	positive regulation of synaptic transmission	−9.48
oligodendrocyte differentiation	− 6.94	Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse	−9.46
oligodendrocyte development	−6.58	regulation of synaptic plasticity	−9.44
apical junction complex	−5.57	regulation of neurotransmitter secretion	−9.41
glial cell development	−5.54	presynaptic membrane	−9.27
glial cell differentiation	−5.52	regulation of synaptic vesicle transport	−9.19
tight junction	−4.16	protein transport within lipid bilayer	−9.11
NBB
Up-regulated		Down-regulated
Pathway	Delta	Pathway	Delta
activation of innate immune response	−8.54	ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process	−9.09
regulation of leukocyte proliferation	−8.11	purine nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process	−9.03
regulation of lymphocyte proliferation	−8.01	mitochondrial membrane part	−8.99
regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation	−7.79	ATP metabolic process	−8.92
innate immune response-activating signal transduction	−7.43	regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis	−8.87
regulation of adaptive immune response	−7.16	inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex	−8.82
response to interferon-gamma	−7.15	purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process	−8.77
adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains	−7.07	respiratory chain	−8.70
blood microparticle	−6.75	regulation of synaptic vesicle transport	−8.68
regulation of T cell proliferation	−6.73	cellular respiration	−8.43

Tables representing the top 10 pathways with the lowest delta for up- and down-regulated pathways for PW and NBB cohorts. The delta value represents the change in the enrichment –log₁₀ (p-value) between the results with and without MGP adjustment (negative values of delta imply a loss of significance when accounting for cellularity). Complete results are provided in Additional file 6