Table 2.
Hazard ratio for hard CVD events associated with MCF quartiles
| Q4 | Q3 | Q2 | Q1 | P-trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | |||||
| Levels of MCF | MCF >0.74 | 0.64<MCF≤0.74 | 0.55<MCF≤0.64 | MCF ≤0.55 | |
| Number of events | 31 | 58 | 73 | 137 | |
| Number at risk | 1250 | 1250 | 1250 | 1250 | |
| Incidence rate per 1,000 person-years | 2.53 | 4.87 | 6.20 | 12.60 | |
| Model | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | ||||
| Unadjusted | 1.0 (ref) | 1.92 (1.24-2.97) | 2.45 (1.61-3.72) | 4.98 (3.37-7.36) | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1.0 (ref) | 1.74 (1.12-2.70) | 2.11 (1.37-3.23) | 3.75 (2.48-5.67) | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1.0 (ref) | 1.43 (0.91-2.23) | 1.70 (1.10-2.62) | 2.42 (1.58-3.72) | <0.001 |
| MCF as a continuous measure (per one SD = 0.14 decrease) | |||||
| Unadjusted | 1.83 (1.63-2.09) | <0.001 | |||
| Model 1 | 1.66 (1.45-1.89) | <0.001 | |||
| Model 2 | 1.42 (1.23-1.64) | <0.001 | |||
Model 1 includes adjustment for age, sex, and race/ethnicity
Model 2 includes Model 1 variables + additional adjustment for body mass index, education level <HS, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, Log2 C-reactive protein, diabetes, smoking (none, former, current), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min/1.73m2, alcohol use (none, former, current), moderate + vigorous quartiles of physical activity, antihypertensive medication use, and lipid-lowering medication use.
CI: confidence interval, CVD: cardiovascular disease, HS: high school, HDL: high density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL: low density lipoprotein cholesterol, MCF: myocardial contraction fraction, Q: quartile, SD: standard deviation