| Bias (Porta 2008) | Definition |
| Bias in the presentation of data |
Error due to irregularities produced bi digit preference, incomplete data, poor techniques of measurement, technically poor laboratory procedures, or intentional attempts to mislead. |
| Selection bias | Distortions that result from procedures used to select subjects and from factors that influence participation in the study. |
| Reporting bias | Selective revealing or suppression of information. |
| Design bias | The difference between a true value and that obtained as a result of faulty design of a study. |