Table 2.
Multivariable associations with serious falls among PLWH and uninfected comparators
| Variables | Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) |
T statistic |
|---|---|---|
| Specific medications | ||
| CNS active medications | ||
| Benzodiazepines among PLWH | 1.25 (1.12, 1.39) | 3 |
| Benzodiazepines among uninfected | 1.02 (0.95, 1.10) | 0.6 |
| Muscle relaxants among PLWH | 1.32 (1.14, 1.41) | 3 |
| Muscle relaxants among uninfected | 1.04 (0.96, 1.12) | 0.9 |
| Opioids | 1.33 (1.27, 1.39) | 13 |
| Anticonvulsants | 1.32 (1.25, 1.39) | 11 |
| Antihistamines | 0.98 (0.93, 1.04) | −0.6 |
| Cardiovascular medications | ||
| Antithrombotics | 1.20 (1.11, 1.30) | 5 |
| Antiarrhythmics | 1.32 (1.16, 1.50) | 4 |
| Antihypertensives | 0.85 (0.81, 0.89) | −7 |
| Nitrates | 0.99 (0.90, 1.10) | −0.10 |
| Mental health medications | ||
| SSRI | 1.22 (1.16, 1.28) | 8 |
| SNRI | 1.16 (1.05, 1.29) | 3 |
| Atypical antidepressants | 1.04 (0.99, 1.10) | 2 |
| MAOI | 0.95 (0.86, 1.05) | 2 |
| TCA | 0.95 (0.86, 1.05) | −1 |
| Antipsychotics | 0.90 (0.85, 0.96) | −3 |
| Hypoglycemics | 0.97 (0.91, 1.03) | -1 |
| Proton pump inhibitors | 1.06 (1.01, 1.11) | 2 |
| Polypharmacy | ||
| Medication count (excluding ART) (increments of 5) |
1.19 (1.16, 1.22) | 14 |
| Substance use | ||
| Hazardous alcohol use (AUDIT-C score ≥3 for women and ≥4 for men) | 1.32 (1.24, 1.39) | 10 |
| Illicit substance use | 1.36 (1.30, 1.42) | 14 |
| Additional covariates | ||
| VACS Index 2.0 (increments of 5) | 1.06 (1.05, 1.06) | 13 |
| Body Mass Index | ||
| <18.5 | 0.99 (0.84, 1.17) | −0.1 |
| 18.5 – 25 | REF | REF |
| 25 – 30 | 1.00 (0.95, 1.06) | 0.01 |
| > 30 | 1.00 (0.95, 1.06) | 0.1 |
Smoking was not included in the model as it is collinear with VACS Index Score 2.0
The matching variable, HIV, was included in the model but is not shown here
Abbreviations: CNS: central nervous system; SSRI: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; SNRI: serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors; MAOI: monoamine oxidase inhibitors; TCA: tricyclic antidepressants; ART: antiretroviral therapy; AUDIT-C: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test – Consumption.