Table 3.

Multivariable Regression Models for the Association Between Charlson Comorbidity Score and EOL (N = 1,001)

Characteristics	End-of-life care measure, OR (95% CI)			Length of stay
	Hospitalization	ICU	Ventilation	Ratio (95% CI)
Charlson Comorbidity Score (ref: 0)
1–2	2.39 (1.26–4.53)*	2.11 (1.02–4.36)*	1.36 (0.57–3.25)	1.35 (0.53–3.41)
3–4	2.81 (1.39–5.68)*	1.78 (0.81–3.91)	1.59 (0.63–4.03)	1.79 (0.72–4.46)
5+	3.03 (1.77–5.19)*	2.03 (1.08–3.80)*	1.27 (0.60–2.69)	3.43 (1.52–7.72)*
Trend test	0.0003*	0.1244	0.8340	<.0001*

Note: CI = confidence interval; EOL = end of life; ICU = intensive care unit; OR = odds ratio. Models controlled for year of death, age at death, gender, nativity, and education.

* p < .05.