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. 2020 Apr 22;15(4):e0229988. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229988

Table 1. Infection classification according to the clinical algorithm and antibiotic treatment on the day of assessment.

Infection Classification Clinical signs per algorithm Antibiotic treatment at health center on day of assessment
Critical Illnesses (CI)

  • Convulsion/history of convulsion *

  • Unconscious/drowsy

  • Unable to feed

  • Persistent vomiting

  • Central Cyanosis

  • Bulging Fontanel

  • Weight <1500 gm

  • Intramuscular gentamicin (5.0–7.5 mg/kg body weight)

  • Oral amoxicillin 50 mg /kg body weight (twice daily)
Clinical Severe Infection (CSI)

  • Severe chest in-drawing *

  • Hypothermia (<95.9°F or 35.5°C) *

  • Raised temperature (>99.5°F or 37.5°C) *

  • Less movement/ movement only when stimulated*

  • Not feeding well (depending on history and observation) *

  • Intramuscular gentamicin (5.0–7.5 mg/kg body weight)

  • Oral amoxicillin 50 mg /kg body weight (twice daily)
Isolated Fast Breathing (IFB)

  • Young infants 0–6 days old with fast breathing (≥60 breaths/min) *

  • Oral amoxicillin 50 mg /kg body weight (twice daily)

  • Young infants 7–59 days old with fast breathing (≥60 breaths/min)

  • Oral amoxicillin 50 mg /kg body weight (twice daily)
Local Bacterial Infection (LBI)

  • Umbilical redness

  • Draining pus from umbilicus

  • Skin pustules

  • Oral amoxicillin 50 mg /kg body weight (twice daily)

*Signs of PSBI requiring referral to sub-district hospital after first dose(s) of antibiotics (shaded boxes)