Table 4.

Comparison of Tight Junction Protein mRNA Expression Levels in Functional Dyspepsia Subtype According to Sex in Helicobacter pylori Uninfected Subjects

Tight junction protein	Control (n = 50)	PDS (n = 26)	EPS (n = 27)	Mixed (n = 45)	P-value (FD subtypes)
CLDN1	0.8 (0.5-1.5)	1.3 (1.0-1.5)	1.0 (0.7-1.5)	0.7 (0.5-1.5)	0.079
Male	0.8 (0.4-3.4)	2.3 (1.0-3.9)	1.4 (0.9-2.2)	1.2 (0.7-2.8)	0.631
Female	0.8 (0.5-1.3)	1.2 (1.0-1.4)	0.8 (0.7-1.0)	0.7 (0.5-1.0)	0.087
P-value (male vs female)	0.513	0.259	0.284	0.076
CLDN2	0.9 (0.5-1.1)	1.6 (1.0-2.6)a	1.6 (0.8-2.3)a	1.3 (0.5-2.1)	0.029
Male	0.6 (0.2-1.0)	1.1 (0.8-1.6)	1.5 (0.9-1.9)	1.4 (0.7-2.2)	0.050
Female	1.1 (0.6-1.5)	2.4 (1.5-3.2)	1.7 (0.7-3.2)	1.1 (0.4-2.0)	0.209
P-value (male vs female)	0.037	0.106	0.622	0.621
CLDN4	1.1 (0.3-1.6)	1.5 (1.0-1.8)	1.6 (1.3-2.0)	1.4 (0.7-1.8)	0.238
Male	1.1 (0.2-2.3)	1.4 (0.7-1.8)	1.6 (1.4-2.0)	1.7 (1.2-1.9)	0.730
Female	1.3 (0.4-1.5)	1.5 (1.1-1.8)	1.6 (0.9-2.3)	1.3 (0.6-1.8)	0.306
P-value (male vs female)	0.713	0.805	1.000	0.302
OCLN	0.8 (0.5-1.7)	1.5 (0.5-3.7)	1.3 (0.6-2.6)	1.0 (0.6-1.3)	0.608
Male	0.8 (0.5-1.2)	1.9 (0.7-5.7)	2.0 (1.0-3.3)	1.1 (0.6-2.7)	0.261
Female	1.1 (0.5-2.4)	1.1 (0.4-3.4)	1.0 (0.5-2.0)	1.0 (0.5-1.1)	0.871
P-value (male vs female)	0.649	0.639	0.214	0.443
ZO-1	4.1 (0.4-10.9)	0.5 (0.1-10.6)	0.6 (0.1-1.2)	1.7 (0.5-6.0)	0.092
Male	7.4 (1.4-13.8)	4.9 (0.4-14.3)	1.4 (1.1-6.1)	1.9 (0.5-5.0)	0.691
Female	1.5 (0.3-7.6)	0.2 (0.1-2.0)	0.4 (0.1-0.8)	1.2 (0.7-5.4)	0.063
P-value (male vs female)	0.648	0.310	0.024	0.953

^aStatistically significant compared to control group.

PDS, postprandial distress syndrome; EPS, epigastric pain syndrome; FD, functional dyspepsia; CLDN, claudin; OCLN, occludin; ZO-1, zonula occludens-1.

Data are presented as median (interquartile range).