Table 1.
Overall cohort characteristics by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) categories of good and poor sleep quality.
| Good Sleep Quality (N=253) | Poor Sleep Quality (N=209) | Total (N=462) | p value** | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age* | 22.9 (0.45) | 22.9 (0.45) | 22.9 (0.45) | 0.16 |
| Race/ethnicity | 0.03 | |||
| Black | 50 (19.8) | 67 (32.1) | 117 (25.3) | |
| Other | 48 (19.0) | 34 (16.3) | 82 (17.7) | |
| Hispanic | 29 (11.5) | 18 (8.6) | 47 (10.2) | |
| White | 126 (49.8) | 90 (43.1) | 216 (46.8) | |
| Body mass index* | 25.2 (5.89) | 26.9 (7.21) | 26.0 (6.57) | 0.01 |
| Education | 0.007 | |||
| High school graduate or less | 25 (9.9) | 39 (18.7) | 64 (13.9) | |
| Some college | 75 (29.6) | 69 (33.0) | 144 (31.2) | |
| College graduate | 153 (60.5) | 101 (48.3) | 254 (55.0) | |
| Participant annual income | 0.25 | |||
| Less than $10,000 | 77 (30.4) | 79 (37.8) | 156 (33.8) | |
| $10,000 – $25,000 | 85 (33.6) | 64 (30.6) | 149 (32.3) | |
| More than $25,000 | 91 (36.0) | 66 (31.6) | 157 (34.0) | |
| Family income | 0.006 | |||
| Low | 74 (29.2) | 85 (40.7) | 159 (34.4) | |
| Middle | 116 (45.8) | 93 (44.5) | 209 (45.2) | |
| High | 63 (24.9) | 31 (14.8) | 94 (20.3) | |
| Parenting role, yes | 37 (14.6) | 68 (32.5) | 105 (22.7) | <0.0001 |
| Employment status, | 0.0003 | |||
| Student | 89 (35.2) | 73 (34.9) | 162 (35.1) | |
| Employed | 158 (62.5) | 110 (52.6) | 268 (58.0) | |
| Unemployed | 6 (2.4) | 26 (12.4) | 32 (6.9) | |
| Hours worked for pay | 0.132 | |||
| 0 hours | 33 (13.0) | 41 (19.6) | 74 (16.0) | |
| 1–19 hours | 36 (14.2) | 36 (17.2) | 72 (15.6) | |
| 20–40 hours | 154 (60.9) | 107 (51.2) | 261 (56.5) | |
| More than 40 hours | 30 (11.9) | 25 (12) | 55 (11.9) | |
| PSQI Total, mean | 3.6 (1.23) | 8.2 (2.29) | 5.7 (2.88) | <0.0001 |
Good sleep quality is defined as PSQI total score < 5; poor sleep quality is defined as PSQI ≥ 5.
*
Categorical variables are n (column %); continuous variables are mean (SD).
**
P values calculated using Chi squared test or Fisher’s exact test in cases of sparse data. Continuous measures were assessed using the Wilcoxon rank sum test.