Table 2.
Dietary behaviors* of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index categories of good and poor sleep quality.
| Good Sleep Quality (N=253) | Poor Sleep Quality (N=209) | Total (N=462) | p value** | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fruits per day | 0.30 | |||
| None | 19 (7.5) | 21 (10) | 40 (8.7) | |
| Less than 1 | 132 (52.2) | 117 (56) | 249 (53.9) | |
| 1 or more | 102 (40.3) | 71 (34) | 173 (37.4) | |
| Vegetables per day | 0.64 | |||
| None | 9 (3.6) | 5 (2.4) | 14 (3) | |
| Less than 1 | 127 (50.2) | 112 (53.6) | 239 (51.7) | |
| 1 or more | 117 (46.2) | 92 (44) | 209 (45.2) | |
| Fruit juice per day | 0.10 | |||
| None | 114 (45.1) | 74 (35.4) | 188 (40.7) | |
| Less than 1 | 109 (43.1) | 108 (51.7) | 217 (47) | |
| 1 or more | 30 (11.9) | 27 (12.9) | 57 (12.3) | |
| Sugar beverages per day | 0.0001 | |||
| None | 70 (27.7) | 33 (15.8) | 103 (22.3) | |
| Less than 1 | 145 (57.3) | 114 (54.5) | 259 (56.1) | |
| 1 or more | 38 (15) | 62 (29.7) | 100 (21.6) | |
| Energy drinks per day | 0.008 | |||
| None | 231 (91.3) | 175 (83.7) | 406 (87.9) | |
| Some | 22 (8.7) | 34 (16.3) | 56 (12.1) | |
| High-calorie coffees per day | 0.0002 | |||
| None | 161 (63.6) | 97 (46.4) | 258 (55.8) | |
| Less than 1 | 70 (27.7) | 72 (34.4) | 142 (30.7) | |
| 1 or more | 22 (8.7) | 40 (19.1) | 62 (13.4) | |
| Breakfast per week | 0.002 | |||
| Never/do not know | 15 (5.9) | 18 (8.6) | 33 (7.1) | |
| 4 days or less | 89 (35.2) | 102 (48.8) | 191 (41.3) | |
| 5 or more | 149 (58.9) | 89 (42.6) | 238 (51.5) |
Good sleep quality is defined as PSQI total score < 5; poor sleep quality is defined as PSQI ≥ 5.
*
Categorical variables are n (column %).
**
P values calculated using chi squared test or fisher’s exact test in cases of sparse data.