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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Surg. 2021 Oct 1;274(4):e336–e344. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003673

Table 1.

Patient demographic and clinical characteristics by rurality

Urban (n=1,248) Rural (n=353)
Patient characteristics n (%) n (%) P-value
Age Median (IQR) 75 (70–80) 73 (70–78) 0.04 *
66–69 297 (24%) 86 (24%) 0.01 *
70–74 327 (26%) 121 (34%)
75–79 272 (22%) 70 (20%)
80+ 352 (28%) 76 (22%)
Gender Female 561 (45%) 153 (43%) 0.59
Male 687 (55%) 200 (57%)
Race Non-white 174 (14%) 21 (6%) <0.0001 *
White 1074 (86%) 332 (94%)
Marital status Married 686 (55%) 218 (62%) 0.02 *
Divorceda 562 (45%) 135 (38%)
State buy-in No 1034 (83%) 298 (84%) 0.49
Yes 214 (17%) 55 (16%)
Median income (thousands) Median (IQR) 31 (24–40) 21 (18–26) <0.0001 *
Low 151 (12%) 143 (41%) <0.0001 *
Medium 418 (33%) 171 (48%)
High 679 (54%) 39 (11%)
Poverty indicator Low 685 (55%) 71 (20%) <0.0001 *
Medium 345 (28%) 139 (39%)
High 218 (17%) 143 (41%)
% High school Low 253 (20%) 149 (42%) <0.0001 *
Medium 347 (28%) 117 (33%)
High 648 (52%) 87 (25%)
% 4 year college Low 113 (9%) 87 (25%) <0.0001 *
Medium 276 (22%) 165 (47%)
High 859 (69%) 101 (29%)
Year of diagnosis 2007 309 (25%) 67 (19%) 0.02 *
2008 262 (21%) 67 (19%)
2009 229 (18%) 60 (17%)
2010 227 (18%) 73 (21%)
2011 221 (18%) 86 (24%)
Stage II 576 (46%) 160 (45%) 0.78
III 672 (54%) 193 (55%)
Charlson score 0 727 (58%) 199 (56%) 0.82
1 328 (26%) 97 (27%)
2+ 193 (15%) 57 (16%)
Function Related Indicators 0 834 (67%) 219 (62%) 0.25
1 250 (20%) 81 (23%)
2+ 164 (13%) 53 (15%)
a

Includes widowed or separated patients

IQR=Interquartile range

*

Significant at α=0.05