Table 1.
Characteristics of ST elevation (STEMI) and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients in the study.
| STEMI (n = 11543) | NSTEMI (n = 8470) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years, median (IQR) | 57.7 (50.7–66.0) | 60.3 (52.5–69.4) | <0.001 |
| Sex, n (%) | |||
| Male | 9810 (85.0) | 6570 (77.6) | <0.001 |
| Female | 1733 (15.0) | 1900 (22.4) | |
| Race, n (%) | |||
| Chinese | 7125 (61.7) | 5253 (62.0) | 0.004 |
| Malay | 2343 (20.3) | 1575 (18.6) | |
| Indian | 1874 (16.2) | 1499 (17.7) | |
| Others | 201 (1.7) | 143 (1.7) | |
| History of diabetes, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 3252 (28.2) | 3312 (39.1) | <0.001 |
| No | 8285 (71.8) | 5156 (60.9) | |
| History of hypertension, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 6014 (52.1) | 5730 (67.7) | <0.001 |
| No | 5523 (47.9) | 2739 (32.3) | |
| Smoking, n (%) | |||
| Never | 4203 (36.8) | 3689 (43.7) | <0.001 |
| Former | 1571 (13.8) | 1657 (19.6) | |
| Current | 5640 (49.4) | 3093 (36.7) | |
| History of AMI/CABG/PCI, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 1744 (15.1) | 2733 (32.3) | <0.001 |
| No | 9797 (84.9) | 5737 (67.7) | |
| BMI in kg/m2, median (IQR) | 24.6 (22.3–27.3) | 24.9 (22.6–27.9) | <0.001 |
| Killip class on admission, n (%) | |||
| I | 9549 (82.7) | 7061 (83.4) | <0.001 |
| II | 543 (4.7) | 805 (9.5) | |
| III | 436 (3.8) | 495 (5.8) | |
| IV | 1014 (8.8) | 107 (1.3) | |
| CPR in ambulance/ED, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 474 (4.1) | 50 (0.6) | <0.001 |
| No | 11069 (95.9) | 8420 (99.4) | |
| Anterior infarct on admission, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 5756 (49.9) | Not applicable | |
| No | 5787 (50.1) | ||
| LDL-C in mmol/l within 72 h from MI onset | |||
| Numeric value, median (IQR) | 3.4 (2.6–4.1) | 3.2 (2.4–4.0) | <0.001 |
| Ordinal categories, n (%) | |||
| <1.8 | 707 (6.8) | 652 (9.2) | <0.001 |
| 1.8–2.5 | 1881 (18.1) | 1598 (22.6) | |
| 2.6–3.3 | 2719 (26.1) | 1771 (25.1) | |
| 3.4–4.0 | 2491 (23.9) | 1418 (20.1) | |
| 4.1–4.8 | 1623 (15.6) | 970 (13.7) | |
| ≥4.9 | 1002 (9.6) | 653 (9.2) | |
| TC in mmol/lwithin 72 h from MI onset | |||
| Numeric value, median (IQR) | 5.1 (4.3–6.0) | 5.0 (4.1–5.9) | <0.001 |
| Ordinal categories, n (%) | |||
| <5.2 | 5768 (54.2) | 4153 (57.3) | <0.001 |
| 5.2–6.1 | 2854 (26.8) | 1697 (23.4) | |
| ≥6.2 | 2026 (19.0) | 1397 (19.3) | |
| HDL-C in mmol/l within 72 h from MI onset | |||
| Numeric value, median (IQR) | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) | 0.261 |
| Ordinal categories, n (%) | |||
| ≥1.6 | 510 (4.8) | 363 (5.0) | 0.056 |
| 1.0–1.5 | 5275 (49.5) | 3455 (47.7) | |
| <1.0 | 4874 (45.7) | 3430 (47.3) | |
| TG in mmol/l within 72 h from MI onset | |||
| Numeric value, median (IQR) | 1.4 (1.0–2.0) | 1.6 (1.1–2.3) | <0.001 |
| Ordinal categories, n (%) | |||
| <1.7 | 6917 (65.1) | 4020 (55.8) | <0.001 |
| 1.7–2.2 | 1874 (17.6) | 1496 (20.8) | |
| 2.3–4.4 | 1543 (14.5) | 1442 (20.0) | |
| ≥4.5 | 289 (2.7) | 247 (3.4) | |
| Oral medication for hyperlipidemia, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 3315 (62.6) | 4093 (75.1) | <0.001 |
| No | 1983 (37.4) | 1359 (24.9) | |
| Not applicable | 6235 | 3017 | |
| Random glucose in mmol/L within 72 h from MI onset, median (IQR) | 9.1 (7.2–13.2) | 8.2 (6.3–12.5) | <0.001 |
| Serum creatinine in 10µmol on admission, median (IQR) | 9.0 (7.7–10.9) | 8.6 (7.3–10.8) | <0.001 |
| Haemoglobin in g/dL on admission, median (IQR) | 14.6 (13.4–15.7) | 14.0 (12.6–15.2) | <0.001 |
| Elevated first troponin within 72 h from MI onset, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 5585 (49.3) | 4655 (55.5) | <0.001 |
| No | 5745 (50.7) | 3730 (44.4) | |
| Symptom-to-balloon time in minutes, median (IQR) | 182 (119–307) | Not applicable | |
| Days from MI onset to PCI, median (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 2 (1–4) | <0.001 |
| LVEF < 50% during hospitalization, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 6610 (61.2) | 2742 (39.6) | <0.001 |
| No | 4195 (38.8) | 4176 (60.4) | |
| Days from MI onset to discharge, median (IQR) | 4 (3–5) | 4 (3–6) | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: AMI, acute myocardial infarction; BMI, body mass index; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; ED, emergency department; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; IQR, interquartile range; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides.