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. 2020 Apr 22;11:1932. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15874-w

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — Serial dependence (ordinate) is shown as a function of the motion direction difference (abscissa) between an item of the previous trial and the target of the current trial (Experiment 3: panels a–c, Experiment 4: panels d–f). For details, see Fig. 2 and Methods. Serial dependence was revealed by the group averages of response errors (thin lines), with the corresponding shaded regions depicting the standard error of the group mean. A DoG model (shown as bold lines) was fitted to the response errors to estimate the systematic response bias. Solid lines indicate a significant bias, whereas dashed lines depict a non-significant bias. Black filled circles and black dashed lines show the amplitudes and FWHMs of the DoG fits and are accompanied by a symbol indicating the result of the direct comparison of the parameter estimates (one-sided permutation tests, 20 participants per Experiment). Asterisks indicate a p-value < 0.05 and ‘n.s.’ indicates a non-significant result with a p-value ≥ 0.05. a Serial dependence was observed between items with the same color, but not between items with different colors (amplitude difference: p = 0.005, width difference: p = 0.153). b Serial dependence was observed between items with the same spatial position, but not between items with different spatial positions (amplitude difference: p < 0.001, width difference: p = 0.154). c Serial dependence was observed from a target of the previous trial, but not from a previous non-target (amplitude difference: p = 0.003, width difference: p = 0.012). d Serial dependence was observed both for items with the same color and different colors, with no difference between both conditions (amplitude difference: p = 0.434, width difference: p = 0.284). e Serial dependence was observed between items with the same spatial position, but not between items with different spatial positions. (amplitude difference: p = 0.005, width difference: p = 0.379). f Serial dependence was observed from a target of the previous trial, but not from a previous non-target (amplitude difference: p = 0.010, width difference: p = 0.148). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.