Table 4.
Cox model for dementia by glycemic status.
| Incident cases | Person-years | Incident rate* | HR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall dementia | Normoglycemia | 142,693 | 33,676,334 | 4.24 | 1 (Referent) |
| IFG | 66,988 | 11,396,989 | 5.88 | 1.06 (1.05; 1.07) | |
| Incident diabetes | 11,888 | 1,481,240 | 8.03 | 1.20 (1.18;1.22) | |
| Prevalent diabetes | 51,088 | 3,852,280 | 13.26 | 1.60 (1.58; 1.62) | |
| Early onset dementia | Normoglycemia | 12,207 | 24,168,225 | 0.51 | 1 (Referent) |
| IFG | 4,421 | 7,324,881 | 0.60 | 1.04 (1.00; 1.07) | |
| Incident diabetes | 680 | 899,137 | 0.76 | 1.21 (1.12; 1.30) | |
| Prevalent diabetes | 2,607 | 1,653,354 | 1.58 | 1.73 (1.66; 1.81) | |
| Late onset dementia | Normoglycemia | 130,486 | 9,508,109 | 13.72 | 1 (Referent) |
| IFG | 62,567 | 4,072,107 | 15.36 | 1.06 (1.05; 1.07) | |
| Incident diabetes | 11,208 | 582,103 | 19.25 | 1.22 (1.20; 1.24) | |
| Prevalent diabetes | 48,481 | 2,198,926 | 22.05 | 1.55 (1.53; 1.57) | |
| Alzheimer’s disease | Normoglycemia | 104,884 | 33,676,334 | 3.11 | 1 (Referent) |
| IFG | 49,063 | 11,396,989 | 4.30 | 1.06 (1.05; 1.07) | |
| Incident diabetes | 8,603 | 1,481,240 | 5.81 | 1.18 (1.15; 1.20) | |
| Prevalent diabetes | 36,371 | 3,852,280 | 9.44 | 1.57 (1.55; 1.59) | |
| Vascular dementia | Normoglycemia | 17,098 | 33,676,334 | 0.51 | 1 (Referent) |
| IFG | 8,015 | 11,396,989 | 0.70 | 1.06 (1.03; 1.09) | |
| Incident diabetes | 1,500 | 1,481,240 | 1.01 | 1.27 (1.21; 1.34) | |
| Prevalent diabetes | 6,830 | 3,852,280 | 1.77 | 1.67 (1.62; 1.72) |
Abbreviation: IFG, impaired fasting glucose; HR, hazard ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.
Adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol use, exercise, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, myocardial infarction, stroke, and socioeconomic status.
*Dementia incidence rate was expressed per 1000 person-years.