Table 5.

Risk for dementia by diabetes treatment status.

	Overall dementia	Early onset dementia	Late onset dementia	Alzheimer’s disease	Vascular dementia
Normoglycemia	1 (referent)	1 (referent)	1 (referent)	1 (referent)	1 (referent)
IFG	1.06 (1.05–1.07)	1.04 (1.01–1.07)	1.06 (1.05–1.07)	1.06 (1.05–1.07)	1.06 (1.03–1.09)
Incident diabetes	1.20 (1.18–1.22)	1.21 (1.12–1.30)	1.22 (1.20–1.24)	1.18 (1.15–1.20)	1.27 (1.21–1.34)
Treatment maintenance	1.59 (1.57–1.60)	1.70 (1.62–1.78)	1.54 (1.52–1.55)	1.56 (1.54–1.58)	1.65 (1.60–1.70)
Treatment failure	1.71 (1.66–1.76)	2.07 (1.83–2.34)	1.68 (1.64–1.73)	1.63 (1.58–1.68)	1.86 (1.73–2.01)
P value	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001

Data were expressed as hazard ratio (95% confidence interval).

Abbreviation: IFG, impaired fasting glucose.

Adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol use, exercise, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, myocardial infarction, stroke, and socioeconomic status.