Table 4.
Comparison of clinicolaboratory features among studies of afebrile and febrile seizures associated with acute gastroenteritis.
| Lloyd et al. (25) | Zifman et al. (16) | Lee and Chung (17) | Kang et al. (15) | Ueda et al. (14) | Hu et al. (24) | Higuchi et al. (18) | Present study | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case number | 34 | 44 | 59 | 59 | 14 | 108 | 126 | 71 |
| (aF:F) | (23:11) | (18:26) | (32:27) | (42:17) | (8:6) | (59:49) | (76:50) | (41:30) |
| Study design | Retrospective | Retrospective | Retrospective | Retrospective | Retrospective | Retrospective | Prospective | Retrospective |
| Gender (Female predominant) | NS | NA | NS | aF>F | F>aF | aF>F | NS | aF>F |
| Total number of seizures | NA | NA | aF>F | aF>F | NS | NA | NA | aF>F |
| Presence of clustered seizures | NA | NA | aF>F | aF>F | NS | aF>F | aF>F | aF>F |
| Partial seizure predominant | NS | NA | aF>F | aF>F | NS | NA | NS | aF>F |
| Prolonged seizure (≥5 min) | NS | NS | F>aF | NS | NS | NA | NS | aF>F |
| Personal history of febrile seizures | NA | NS | F>aF | F>aF | NA | NA | F>aF | NS |
| Family history of febrile seizures or epilepsy | NA | NA | NS | NS | NS | NA | F>aF | NS |
| Interval between AGE onset and first seizures | NA | NA | aF>F | aF>F | aF>F | aF>F | aF>F | aF>F |
| Pathogen Identification | Exclusively rotavirus | Rotavirus only in 2 patients | Rotavirus and Salmonella B | Exclusively rotavirus | Rotavirus and norovirus | Exclusively norovirus | Mixed rotavirus, norovirus, and adenovirus | Rotavirus, norovirus, adenovirus, and Salmonella C |
| EEG abnormalities | NS | NS | aF>F | NS* | NS | NA | NS | aF>F |
| Neuroimaging arrangement | aF>F | NA | NA | aF>F | NS | NA | aF>F | NS |
| WBC | NA | NA | NA | F>aF | NS | F>aF | NA | F>aF |
| Serum sodium level | NA | aF>F | NS | aF>F | NS | NS | aF>F | aF>F |
| Elevated AST | NA | NA | NA | aF>F | NS | aF>F | aF>F | F>aF |
| Elevated AST | NA | NA | NA | NS | NS | NA | aF>F | F>aF |
*
Abnormalities were only observed in the afebrile group.
†Mild hyponatremia were noted in both groups.
aF, afebrile group; F, febrile group; NA, not available; NS: not significant; AGE, acute gastroenteritis; EEG, electroencephalography; WBC, white blood cell; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine transaminase.