Figure 3.

HNG inhibits thrombus formation without impairing haemostasis. (A) 10 µM HNG inhibits the flow‐associated platelet adhesion on collagen (100 µg/mL). HNG‐ or vehicle‐treated human whole blood was labelled with calcein‐AM (10 µM) for 30 min and perfused through the channels at 10 dyne/cm². Live fluorescence was recorded. *P < .05, paired one‐tail t test, fluorescence of area under curve (AUC), vehicle versus HNG. (B‐E) HNG impaired laser‐induced mouse cremaster arterial thrombus formation. HNG (10 µM) or saline was infused into the jugular vein of male C57 mice using a cannula. The thrombus was visualized by 3,3′‐dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide (DIOC6) staining and monitored real‐time under an intravital microscope (B). The median thrombus fluorescence intensity curve (C), the area under the curve (D) and the peak fluorescence intensity (E) were analysed. *P < .05, mean ± SEM, number of thrombus: 25‐26. (F‐G) HNG (10 μM) or vehicle was administered through the jugular vein to mice. The tail bleeding, blood loss (F) and jugular vein bleeding time (G) in mice were recorded. NS, P > .05, unpaired t test