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. 2020 Apr 16;10:150. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00150

Figure 5.

Figure 5

HIV replication in lung and liver during TB relapse. Viral load and distribution of HIV+ cells in the periphery and tissues in the TB relapse phase in study 2. (A) Viral load in the plasma, lung, and liver as measured by ELISA (Zeptometrix) specific to HIV p24 capsid protein. (B) Detection of a cellular syncytia (arrowhead) characteristic of HIV infection as observed in bright field microscopy following visualization with H&E. (C–G) HIV infected cells were detected with RNA-Scope specific to HIV gag. (C,D) HIV+ cells in the lung interstitium and near portal tracts in the liver of a HIS mouse with HIV mono-infection. (E–G) HIV+ cells were observed in inflamed interstitium (E) and in the periphery of TB lesions (F), as well as near blood vessels in the liver (G), of TB/HIV co-infected mice at TB relapse. Data shown in (A) are means ± SEM with statistically significant differences between indicated treatment groups shown as ***p < 0.001.