Table 3.
The time- and dose- dependent effects of myricetin on S. japonicum adult worms.
| C (μmol/L) | Number of worms | 24 h | 48 h | 72 h | 96 h |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| score/VDR (%) | score/VDR (%) | score/VDR (%) | score/VDR (%) | ||
| Male | |||||
| Ctrl | 6 | 18.0 ± 0.0/0.0 | 18.0 ± 0.0/0.0 | 18.0 ± 0.0/0.0 | 16.7 ± 1.2/7.0 |
| Pzq | 6 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 |
| me (300) | 6 | 16.7 ± 1.2/7.0 | 16.7 ± 1.2/7.0 | 16.7 ± 1.2/7.0 | 14.0 ± 2.0/22.0 |
| me (400) | 6 | 12.7 ± 1.2/30.0 | 12.7 ± 1.2/30.0 | 10.0 ± 2.0/44.0 | 8.0 ± 3.5/56.0 |
| me (500) | 6 | 8.7 ± 1.2/52.0 | 7.3 ± 1.2/59.0 | 3.3 ± 1.2/81.0 | 0.3 ± 0.6/98.0 |
| me (600) | 6 | 7.3 ± 1.2/59.0 | 3.3 ± 2.3/81.0 | 0.7 ± 1.2/96.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 |
| me (700) | 6 | 5.3 ± 1.2/70.0 | 4.7 ± 1.2/74.0 | 1.0 ± 1.0/94.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 |
| me (800) | 6 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 |
| Female | |||||
| Ctrl | 6 | 18.0 ± 0.0/0.0 | 18.0 ± 0.0/0.0 | 18.0 ± 0.0/0.0 | 16.3 ± 1.5/9.0 |
| Pzq | 6 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 |
| me (300) | 6 | 18.0 ± 0.0/0.0 | 16.7 ± 2.3/7.0 | 16.0 ± 2.0/11.0 | 14.7.0 ± 1.2/19.0 |
| me (400) | 6 | 14.7 ± 1.2/19.0 | 12.7 ± 2.3/30.0 | 11.3 ± 1.2/37.0 | 10.7 ± 3.1/41.0 |
| me (500) | 6 | 12.0 ± 0.0/33.0 | 10.7 ± 1.2/41.0 | 9.3 ± 3.1/48.0 | 2.7 ± 1.2/85.0 |
| me (600) | 6 | 10.0 ± 0.0/44.0 | 9.3 ± 5.0/48.0 | 4.7 ± 1.2/74.0 | 0.7 ± 1.2/96.0 |
| me (700) | 6 | 9.3 ± 1.2/48.0 | 4.0 ± 2.0/78.0 | 2.7 ± 1.2/85.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 |
| me (800) | 6 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0/100.0 |
Adult worms were incubated with myricetin in different concentrations. The viability of worms were scored at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h under inverted microscope using a viability scale of 0–3 (3, normally active; 2, slow activity; 1, minimal activity, occasional movement of head or tail; 0, total absence of mobility). ctrl, adult worms were incubated in RPMI 1,640 medium with 1% DMSO. pzq, praziquantel (100 μM) was used as positive control groups. VDR, Vitality Decrease Rate.