2. Characteristics of included studies.
| Study | Country | Participants | Diabetic patients (%) | Angina (%) | Hypertensive (%) | Male (%) | Reference threshold (% stenosis) | TP | FP | FN | TN |
| Dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) | |||||||||||
| Bates 1996 | USA | 17 | 100 | NA | 98 | 64 | 50 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Brennan 1997 | USA | 12 | 56 | 21 | 90 | 45 | 50 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 5 |
| Cai 2010 | USA | 38 | 54 | NA | 86 | 64 | 70 | 15 | 2 | 8 | 13 |
| De Lima 2003 | Brazil | 89 | 30 | 25 | 95 | 77 | 70 | 15 | 7 | 19 | 48 |
| Ferreira 2007 | Brazil | 126 | 27 | 12 | NA | 69 | 70 | 24 | 14 | 10 | 78 |
| Gang 2007 | India | 40 | 100 | 5 | 92 | 90 | 70 | 9 | 1 | 10 | 20 |
| Garcia‐Canton 1998 | Spain | 27 | NA | NA | NA | 67 | 70 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 13 |
| Herzog 1999 | USA | 50 | 82 | 16 | 94 | 60 | 70 | 12 | 8 | 4 | 26 |
| Jassal 2007 | Canada | 18 | 38 | NA | 77 | 44 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 |
| Reis 1995 | USA | 30 | 64 | 30 | 96 | 63 | 50 | 22 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Sharma 2005 | UK | 125 | 39 | 42 | 91 | 64 | 70 | 32 | 5 | 4 | 84 |
| Sharma 2009 | UK | 140 | 38 | 27 | 92 | 64 | 70 | 36 | 5 | 4 | 95 |
| West 2000 | USA | 33 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 70 | 12 | 8 | 1 | 12 |
| Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) | |||||||||||
| Boudreau 1990 | USA | 80 | 100 | 12.5 | NA | 64 | 70 | 36 | 8 | 6 | 30 |
| De Lima 2003 | Brazil | 65 | 30 | 25 | 95 | 77 | 70 | 8 | 10 | 15 | 32 |
| Garcia‐Canton 1998 | Spain | 27 | NA | NA | NA | 67 | 70 | 11 | 3 | 1 | 12 |
| Garg 2000 | India | 19 | 100 | NA | 100 | 88 | 50 | 9 | 4 | 2 | 4 |
| Gowdak 2010 | Brazil | 219 | 100 | NA | 92 | 69 | 70 | 85 | 31 | 52 | 51 |
| Krawczynska 1988 | USA | 46 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 50 | 20 | 18 | 0 | 8 |
| Marwick 1990 | USA | 45 | 51 | 33 | 81 | 71 | 70 | 4 | 9 | 10 | 22 |
| Vandenberg 1996 | USA | 41 | 100 | 0 | NA | NA | 75 | 10 | 6 | 6 | 19 |
| Worthley 2003 | Australia | 40 | 78 | 18 | 98 | 48 | 70 | 13 | 3 | 2 | 22 |
| Stress electrocardiography (EST) | |||||||||||
| Bennett 1978 | USA | 4 | 100 | NA | 100 | 36 | 70 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Sharma 2005 | UK | 125 | 39 | 42 | 91 | 64 | 70 | 13 | 8 | 23 | 81 |
| Electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) | |||||||||||
| Rosario 2010 | Brazil | 97 | 38 | 29 | 90 | 65 | 70 | 16 | 25 | 9 | 47 |
| Sharples 2004 | UK | 18 | NA | NA | NA | 50 | 75 | * | * | * | * |
| Digital subtraction fluorography (DSF) | |||||||||||
| Marwick 1989 | USA | 86 | 29 | 11 | 36 | 27 | 70 | 28 | 17 | 8 | 33 |
| Exercise ventriculography | |||||||||||
| Vandenberg 1996 | USA | 35 | 100 | 0 | NA | NA | 75 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 14 |
| Carotid intimal media thickness (CIMT) | |||||||||||
| Modi 2006 | India | 105 | 58 | 24 | 100 | NA | 97 | 38 | 14 | 4 | 49 |
| Echocardiography (resting wall motion abnormality) | |||||||||||
| Sharma 2005 | UK | 125 | 39 | 42 | 91 | 64 | 70 | 11 | 4 | 25 | 85 |
| Sharma 2009 | UK | 140 | 38 | 27 | 92 | 64 | 70 | 13 | 5 | 27 | 95 |
| Echocardiography (cardiomegaly or LV dysfunction) | |||||||||||
| Garg 2000 | India | 19 | 100 | NA | 100 | 88 | 50 | 8 | 5 | 19 | 20 |
| Echocardiography (mitral annular calcification) | |||||||||||
| Sharma 2005 | UK | 125 | 39 | 42 | 91 | 64 | 70 | 22 | 25 | 14 | 64 |
| Resting ECG (pathological Q waves, left ventricular hypertrophy, ST depression ≥ 1 mm, ST elevation ≥ 1 mm, T wave inversion or bundle branch block) | |||||||||||
| Gang 2007 | India | 40 | 100 | 5 | 92 | 90 | 70 | 9 | 12 | 10 | 9 |
| Garg 2000 | India | 98 | 100 | NA | 100 | 88 | 50 | 51 | 1 | 22 | 24 |
| Sharma 2005 | UK | 125 | 39 | 42 | 91 | 64 | 70 | 27 | 14 | 9 | 75 |
FN: false negative; FP: false positive; NA: not available; TN: total negative; TP: total positive
* Study unable to contribute data to meta‐analysis as it reported results per coronary vessel, and not per patient