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. 2011 Dec 7;2011(12):CD008691. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008691.pub2

Reis 1995.

Clinical features and settings Clinical features
  • ESKD patients on dialysis undergoing cardiac evaluation (DSE) as part of transplant workup. Antihypertensive treatment and aggressive DM control were undertaken as clinically indicated


Setting
  • University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

Participants
  • Number: 97 patients underwent screening; only 30 patients received both DSE and coronary angiography

  • DM: 64%

  • Angina pectoris or history of IHD: 30%

  • Hypertension: 96%

  • Sex: 63% male

Study design Cohort study.
Target condition and reference standard(s) Coronary artery stenosis measured by coronary angiography
  • CAD was defined as presence of ≥ 1 coronary arteries with ≥ 50% stenosis.

Index and comparator tests DSE
  • After completing a resting echocardiogram, stepwise infusion of dobutamine starting at 10 pg/kg/min, and increasing to 20 and a peak of 30 or 40 pg/kg/min in 3‐minute stages was initiated.

  • All DSE studies were reviewed by experienced echocardiographers blinded to angiographic data and classified as:

    • normal response: global increase in contractility, with an associated increase in ejection fraction, implying an absence of significant obstructive CAD (no regional wall motion abnormalities were seen at rest or during DSE).

    • inducible ischaemia: wall motion abnormalities during DSE in 22 segments in regions that were normal at baseline, implying CAD without prior MI.

    • fixed response: wall motion abnormality at baseline and no change during DSE implying prior MI without inducible ischaemia.

    • mixed response: new and/or worsening wall motion abnormality in a patient with a wall motion abnormality at rest, implying prior MI with additional inducible ischaemia.

Follow‐up 12 ± 6 months.
Notes  
Table of Methodological Quality
Item Authors' judgement Description
Representative spectrum? 
 All tests Yes ESKD patients undergoing cardiac evaluation as part of transplant workup.
Acceptable reference standard? 
 All tests Yes Coronary angiography with a reference standard threshold of ≥ 50% stenosis.
Acceptable delay between tests? 
 All tests Yes Within 4 months.
Partial verification avoided? 
 All tests No Coronary angiography was performed in 30/97 patients.
Differential verification avoided? 
 All tests Yes Disease status (CAD) diagnosed by coronary angiography.
Incorporation avoided? 
 All tests Yes Disease status (CAD) diagnosed by coronary angiography.
Reference standard results blinded? 
 All tests Unclear Not reported.
Index test results blinded? 
 All tests Yes All DSE studies were reviewed by experienced echocardiographers blinded to angiographic data.
Relevant clinical information? 
 All tests Yes Relevant clinical information was provided regarding the performance and analysis of both the index and reference tests.
Uninterpretable results reported? 
 All tests Yes No results were reported to be uninterpretable.
Withdrawals explained? 
 All tests Yes All patients missing from the final analysis were accounted for.