Figure 2.

Behavioral results of arousal and valence ratings in the success and in the failure groups. For arousal, in the success group, both negative‐watch and negative‐reappraisal elicited greater arousal than the neutral stimuli; negative‐reappraisal led to greater reduction of arousal than negative‐watch; in the failure group, both negative‐watch and negative‐reappraisal elicited greater arousal than the neutral stimuli, while negative‐reappraisal did not reduce the arousal relative to negative‐watch. In addition, negative‐reappraisal significantly reduced more arousal in the success group than in the failure group. For valence, in the success group, the negative‐watch condition was associated with greater unpleasantness than the neutral stimuli and the negative‐reappraisal conditions. The valence of negative‐reappraisal stimuli was similar to the neutral stimuli; in the failure group, negative‐watch stimuli elicited greater unpleasantness than the neutral stimuli and the negative‐reappraisal stimuli and negative‐reappraisal stimuli elicited more unpleasantness than the neutral stimuli. In addition, negative‐reappraisal reduced more unpleasantness in the success group than the failure group. **p < .01 and *p < .05